Functions of Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Immunosuppression.
Functions of Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Immunosuppression.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00005-016-0453-3
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发表时间：
2017-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Düchler M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Czernek L;Düchler M
细胞外囊泡，包括外泌体，是细胞间通讯的重要组成部分，通过携带各种分子从产生细胞到靶细胞。mRNA和miRNA的转运可以直接调节靶细胞中的基因表达。外泌体中的miRNA含量是囊泡来源细胞的特征，使外泌体能够用作诊断各种疾病（包括癌症）的生物标志物。癌症来源的外泌体在许多方面支持肿瘤的生存和进展，也有助于中和抗癌免疫反应。外泌体参与了癌症逃避免疫系统的所有已知机制。它们影响免疫抑制细胞的分化和激活，它们调节抗原呈递，并能够诱导t细胞凋亡。尽管癌源性外泌体主要抑制免疫系统并促进肿瘤进展，但它们也是肿瘤抗原的重要来源，在刺激免疫反应方面具有潜在的临床应用价值。本文综述了外泌体如何帮助癌症逃避免疫识别并获得对免疫系统的控制。
Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, constitute an important element of intercellular communication by carrying a variety of molecules from producer to target cells. The transport of mRNA and miRNA can directly modulate gene expression in the target cells. The miRNA content in exosomes is characteristic for the cell from which the vesicles were derived enabling the usage of exosomes as biomarkers for the diagnosis various diseases, including cancer. Cancer-derived exosomes support the survival and progression of tumors in many ways and also contribute to the neutralization of the anti-cancer immune response. Exosomes participate in all known mechanisms by which cancer evades the immune system. They influence the differentiation and activation of immune suppressor cells, they modulate antigen presentation, and are able to induce T-cell apoptosis. Although cancer-derived exosomes mainly suppress the immune system and facilitate tumor progression, they are also important sources of tumor antigens with potential clinical application in stimulating immune responses. This review summarizes how exosomes assist cancer to escape immune recognition and to acquire control over the immune system.
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DOI：
10.1038/mt.2008.1
发表时间：
2008-04
期刊：
Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy
影响因子：
--
作者：
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
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DOI：
10.1038/mtna.2011.2
发表时间：
2012-02-07
期刊：
Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Garrido, F
影响因子：
4
作者：
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