The influence of social networks and social support on violence by persons with serious mental illness.
The influence of social networks and social support on violence by persons with serious mental illness.
复制标题
社交网络和社会支持对严重精神疾病患者暴力的影响。
DOI：
10.1176/ps.45.7.669
复制
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Benoit,J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Estroff,SE;Zimmer,C;Lachicotte,WS;Benoit,J
作者研究了患有严重精神疾病的人的暴力行为和威胁之间的关系、他们的社交网络的规模和组成以及他们所获得的社会支持的特征。方法使用结构化和半结构化协议对 169 名患有严重精神疾病的受访者和 59 名重要的其他人进行了访谈，以获取有关人口特征、临床特征、受访者社交网络特征和他们所接受的社会支持的数据，以及他们对威胁的看法。 社交网络。受访者在 18 个月期间的暴力行为和暴力威胁数据是从受访者和重要其他人的自我报告以及医院和法庭记录中收集的。结果 56 名受访者在研究期间威胁使用暴力或实施了暴力行为。与其他诊断的受访者相比，被诊断为精神分裂症的受访者更有可能实施暴力行为，但威胁暴力的可能性并不高。较大网络中的受访者、网络主要由亲属组成的受访者以及与无关人员住在一起的受访者更有可能威胁使用暴力。对家庭的经济依赖与更多的暴力威胁和行为有关。感受到他人敌意的受访者更有可能采取暴力威胁和行为，而那些思维混乱的受访者则不太可能采取暴力或威胁采取暴力行动。一半以上的暴力目标是受访者的亲属，特别是与受访者同住的母亲。有暴力行为的受访者认为他们的重要他人具有威胁性，但并不认为自己也具有威胁性。结论受访者的人际和社会背景以及他们对这些背景的看法是评估精神疾病患者的暴力风险的重要考虑因素。与患有精神分裂症的成年子女生活在一起的母亲可能更有可能成为暴力目标。精神疾病患者的暴力行为可能与他们对受到他人威胁的看法和经历有关。 [住在家里]太糟糕了。 1 意思是我妈妈总是喝醉。她尖叫着、大喊着。她从未对我进行言语或身体虐待。我的意思是，我殴打了我的母亲，这就是为什么人们害怕我。但我不知道还能做什么，我对她很生气。我的意思是，当她清醒过来时，有一次我告诉她，“我希望上帝让你喝醉。”现在去艾尔安农，我明白你如此沉迷于混乱，所以更容易忍受。 [我告诉我的治疗师]我不喜欢它。家里很平静。我回家了。那里没有人打扰我……我不会怀念[现任男友]的殴打。我怀念它的混合和搅拌。
The authors examined the relationship between violent acts and threats by persons with serious mental illness, the size and composition of their social networks, and characteristics of the social support they received.MethodsA group of 169 respondents with serious mental illness and 59 of their significant others were interviewed using structured and semi-structured protocols to elicit data on demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, characteristics of respondents' social networks and of the social support they received, and perceptions of threat within the social network. Data on acts and threats of violence by respondents over an 18-month period were collected from self-reports by respondents and significant others and from hospital and court records.ResultsFifty-six respondents either threatened violence or committed a violent act during the study period. Respondents with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were more likely to commit violent acts but were not more likely to threaten violence than were respondents with other diagnoses. Respondents in larger networks, those with networks composed primarily of relatives, and those who lived with unrelated persons were more likely to threaten violence. Financial dependence on family was associated with more violent threats and acts. Respondents who perceived hostility from others were more likely to engage in violent threats and acts, and those with confused thinking were less likely to act or threaten violence. More than half of the targets of violence were respondents' relatives, particularly mothers living with a respondent. Respondents who were violent perceived their significant others as threatening but did not perceive themselves as being threatening in return.ConclusionsThe interpersonal and social contexts of respondents and their perceptions of these contexts are important considerations in assessing risk for violence by persons with mental illness. Mothers who live with an adult offspring with schizophrenia may be at increased risk for being a target of violence. Violence by persons with psychiatric disorders may be linked to their perceptions and experience of being threatened by others. It [living at home] was awful. 1 mean my mother was always drunk. She was screaming and yelling. She never verbally or physically abused me. I mean, I beat my mother up, and that's why people get scared of me. But I didn't know what else to do, and I was so angry at her. I mean, when she got sober I told her one time, I said, ‘I wish to God you'd get drunk.’ And now going to Al-Anon I understand that you're so addicted to the chaos that it's easier to live with. [I told my therapist] I don't like it. It's calm at home. I go home. There's nobody there bothering me.... I don't miss the beating [from current boyfriend]. I miss it being all mixed up and stirredup.