Holocene development of the fauna of Lake Boeckella, northern Antarctic Peninsula
Holocene development of the fauna of Lake Boeckella, northern Antarctic Peninsula
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南极半岛北部博埃克拉湖动物群的全新世发育
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rolf Zale
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Gibson;Rolf Zale
栖息在南极湖泊中的淡水动物群的起源知之甚少。今天存在的物种可能是在大陆第四纪冰川中幸存下来的残遗物种，或者是来自更温和地区的全新世移民。研究这些问题的一种方法是研究湖泊沉积物中的动物群微体化石。这种方法被应用到一个293厘米的沉积物芯从湖Boeckella，位于南极半岛的北方端。这些微化石表明，今天在湖中出现的大多数后生动物物种在湖泊形成后不久就已经存在了。5.5卡前。特别是，Centropagid桡足类Boeckella poppei（Mrázek）一直存在于整个湖泊的历史中，这表明该物种的本地来源。随着时间的推移，湖泊中生物多样性的发展一般更符合当地（南极）而不是遥远的（南美）来源，尽管另一种解释是，在全新世中期，向南极洲的扩散更有效。来自大陆外地点的分散证据来自于Eubosmina chilensis（Dabriensis）的分散出现，这是一种南美洲物种，目前尚未到达南极或亚南极岛屿，并且未能在湖中建立永久种群。
The origins of the freshwater fauna that inhabits Antarctic lakes are poorly known. The species present today could be relict species that have survived Quaternary glaciations on the continent, or Holocene migrants from more temperate regions. One approach to investigating these questions is to study faunal microfossils in lake sediment. This approach was applied to a 293 cm sediment core from Lake Boeckella, located at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. The microfossils indicated that most of the metazoan species that occur in the lake today have been present since soon after the lake’s formation c. 5.5 ka ago. In particular, the centropagid copepod Boeckella poppei (Mrázek) has been present throughout the lake’s history, suggesting a local source for this species. The development of biodiversity in the lake with time was in general more consistent with local (Antarctic) rather than distant (South American) sources, though an alternative explanation is that dispersal to Antarctica was more efficient in the mid-Holocene. Evidence of dispersal from extra-continental sites comes from the scattered occurrence throughout the core of Eubosmina chilensis (Daday), a South American species that does not reach the Antarctic or the sub-Antarctic islands at present, and which failed to establish a permanent population in the lake.