Flower constancy in the hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus (Degeer) and Syrphus ribesii (L.) (Syrphidae)
Flower constancy in the hoverflies Episyrphus balteatus (Degeer) and Syrphus ribesii (L.) (Syrphidae)
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/9.3.213
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发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Wright, NP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goulson, D;Wright, NP
花不变的原因和结果一直是许多研究的焦点，但几乎所有的研究都考察了大黄蜂、蜜蜂或蝴蝶的觅食行为。我们测试了一种被忽视的传粉媒介——麻蝇——是否具有恒常性。研究了两种野生蝇在半自然植物群落和不同频率种植的海洋小叶莲两种颜色形态人工阵列中访花时的觅食序列。两种植物在混合植物群落中觅食时均表现出明显的花稳定性。因为到目前为止所研究的所有传粉昆虫群体至少在某些情况下都表现出稳定性，我们认为这是传粉昆虫使用的主要策略，并且可能有一个共同的解释。与先前发表的膜翅目在多态花中觅食的研究相反，这两种蚜类都没有表现出对植物物种中不同颜色形态的恒常性，这些研究都描述了积极的频率依赖选择。对这种差异的可能解释进行了讨论。我们认为，这些蚜虫的稳定性不太可能是由于对处理能力的学习限制造成的，这是目前最广泛接受的对花稳定性的解释，因为它们主要觅食花粉，这些花粉很容易在它们访问的大多数花中找到。
The causes and consequences of flower constancy have been the focus of many studies, but almost all have examined the foraging behavior of bumblebees, honeybees, or butterflies. We test whether constancy occurs in an overlooked group of pollinators, the syrphid flies. Foraging sequences of wild flies of two species, Episyrphus balteatus and Syrphus ribesii, were examined when visiting flowers in seminatural plant communities and in artificial arrays of two color morphs of Lobularia maritima planted at a range of frequencies. Both species exhibited marked floral constancy when foraging in the mixed-plant community. Because all groups of pollinating insect so far examined exhibit constancy at least under some circumstances, we suggest that this is the predominant strategy used by pollinators and that there is probably a common explanation. Neither syrphid species exhibited constancy to different color morphs within a plant species, in contrast to previously published studies of Hymenoptera foraging among polymorphic flowers, which all describe positive frequency-dependent selection. Possible explanations for this discrepancy are discussed. We argue that constancy in these syrphids is unlikely to result from learning constraints on handling ability, currently the most widely accepted explanation for flower constancy, because they forage primarily for pollen which is easily located in most flowers they visit.