Why and How Women and Men Acquire Global Career Experience
Why and How Women and Men Acquire Global Career Experience
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女性和男性为何以及如何获得全球职业经验
DOI：
10.2753/imo0020-8825440202
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. McNulty
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Vance;Y. McNulty
基于先前对外派的研究，本定性研究采用了万斯（2005年）的外派前国际职业发展模型，以研究妇女从事自我发起的外派（SIE）所产生的经验。利用女性和男性外籍人士的混合样本，作者采访了西欧和中欧五个主要城市的45名美国外籍人士，以确定在选择和有效利用SIE轨道以获得国际能力和职业发展方面的性别相似性和差异。研究结果表明，女性外派人员：（1）在国际商业环境中遭遇的性别偏见比以往的研究表明的要少;（2）更倾向于自主外派而不是指派外派，以获得宝贵的国际工作经验;（3）严重依赖创业精神和现场网络来进一步发展自主外派经验;（4）经历双职业夫妇问题;（5）经常从东道国当地亲密的个人关系中获得重要的支持来源。我们的研究在指导国际职业规划方面对女性和男性都有重要意义，同时也解决了研究所基于的原始万斯（2005）模型的三个局限性：（1）将模型从东亚扩展到另一个地区（欧洲），以提高其普遍性;（2）扩大“外派人员”的概念，从传统的狭隘的母国国家特征，以包括在我们的样本中的公司分配和自发的外派人员;（3）显着增加女性样本的代表性。
Building on prior research on expatriation, this qualitative study applies the Vance (2005) pre-expatriation international career development model to examine the experiences arising from women undertaking self-initiated expatriation (SIE). Utilizing a mixed sample of female and male expatriates, the authors interviewed 45 American expatriates in five major cities in Western and Central Europe to determine similarities and differences across gender in the selection and effective utilization of the SIE track to acquire international competencies and career development. Findings show that female expatriates: (1) experience fewer encounters with gender bias in the international business environment than prior research suggests; (2) have a tendency toward self-initiated expatriation over assigned expatriation as a way to obtain valuable international work experience; (3) rely heavily on entrepreneurship and on-site networking to further their self-initiated expatriate experience; (4) experience dual-career-couple issues; and (5) often gain important sources of support from local close personal relationships in the host location. Our study, which has important implications for both women and men in guiding international career planning, also addresses three limitations of the original Vance (2005) model upon which the study is based by: (1) extending the model beyond East Asia to another region (Europe) in order to enhance its generalizability; (2) broadening the concept of "expatriate" from the traditional narrow parent-country national characterization to include in our sample both company-assigned and self-initiated expatriates; and (3) significantly increasing female sample representation.