Increased seed predation in the second fruiting event during an exceptionally long period of community-level masting in Borneo
Increased seed predation in the second fruiting event during an exceptionally long period of community-level masting in Borneo
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在婆罗洲社区一级的肥育期异常长的时期，第二次结果事件中的种子捕食增加
DOI：
10.1007/s11284-017-1465-0
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Meleng Paulus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iku Asano;Itioka Takao;Kishimoto-Yamada Keiko;Shimizu-kaya Usun;Mohammad Fatimah Bte;Hossman Mohamad Yazid;Bunyok Azimah;Rahman Mohd Yusuf Abd;Sakai Shoko;Meleng Paulus
在东南亚热带雨林中，群落水平的桅杆（CM）以2-10年的不规则间隔发生。在CM期间，来自不同科的许多植物物种同步开花，随后经历群落水平的结果。种子捕食是理解影响CM的生态和进化因素的关键因素。桅杆提出了减少种子死亡率，由于捕食在两个方面：通过抑制捕食者丰富的延长和不可预测的缺席的种子;和通过大规模生产种子（捕食者饱足假说）的捕食者饱足。如果这一假设在这些热带雨林中成立，那么在前一次结果事件之后不久发生的结果事件中，种子捕食的发生率将更高，因为种子缺失的间隔期不足以饿死捕食者。在这项研究中，我们研究了种子捕食昆虫，专注于五个dipterocarp物种，异常复制两次在延长CM期间。所有的五个物种遭受更强烈的种子捕食在第二次结果事件，与预测预期的捕食者饱假说。象甲，小蠹和哺乳动物的种子捕食增加的主要原因，分别在三个，一个和一个植物物种。然而，种子捕食强度并没有增加，在第二次结果事件中的一些组合的捕食者和植物物种。我们讨论的可能性，种子捕食者之间的竞争和/或捕食者之间的生活史性状的种间差异可能会影响不同的种子捕食不同的种子捕食者的龙脑香属物种之间的不同强度。
In Southeast Asian tropical rainforests, community-level masting (CM) occurs at irregular intervals of 2–10 years. During CM periods, many plant species from various families synchronously flower and subsequently undergo community-level fruiting. Seed predation is a key factor in understanding the ecological and evolutionary factors affecting CM. Masting is proposed to decrease seed mortality due to predation in two ways: by depressing predator abundance through extended and unpredictable absences of seeds; and by satiating predators via mass seed production (predator satiation hypothesis). If the hypothesis is valid in these rainforests, the incidence of seed predation will be higher in a fruiting event that occurs soon after a previous fruiting event, because the intervening period of seed absence would be inadequate to starve the predators. In this study, we examined seed predation by insects, focusing on five dipterocarp species that exceptionally reproduced twice during an extended CM period. All of the five species suffered more intense seed predation in the second fruiting event, consistent with the prediction expected from the predator satiation hypothesis. Weevils, bark beetles and mammals were the main cause of increased seed predation in three, one and one plant species, respectively. However, seed predation intensity did not increase during the second fruiting event in a few combinations of predator and plant species. We discuss the possibility that competition for seeds among predators and/or the interspecific differences in life history traits among predators might affect the varying intensities of seed predation among dipterocarp species by different seed predators.