Diversity-dependent production can decrease the stability of ecosystem functioning
Diversity-dependent production can decrease the stability of ecosystem functioning
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DOI：
10.1038/416084a
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发表时间：
2002-03-07
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Schmid, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pfisterer, AB;Schmid, B
人们担心物种的丧失可能对生态系统的功能和稳定性产生不利影响。但是，尽管有证据表明生物多样性丧失会导致生物量生产减少（1-4），但没有直接证据表明生物多样性丧失会影响生态系统的抵抗力（抵御扰动的能力）或复原力（从扰动中恢复）。然而，理论（5,6）、实验室实验（7-11）和间接实验证据（12-14）强烈表明，多样性和稳定性是相关的。在这里，我们报告的结果，从一个现场试验与因子交叉扰动和多样性操作。我们模拟了含有1、2、4、8或32种植物的人工草地生态系统的干旱扰动。在无扰动条件下，物种贫乏系统的生物量产量低于物种丰富系统。然而，物种贫乏的系统比物种丰富的系统更能抵抗扰动。物种贫乏的系统在扰动后也表现出更大的初始恢复力，尽管多样性和生产力之间的原始关系在1年后完全恢复。我们的研究结果证实了生物多样性增加了生物量生产，但它们也指出了这样一个事实，即这种多样性生产关联可能导致生物多样性与生态系统功能稳定性之间的反比关系。
There is concern that species loss may adversely affect ecosystem functioning and stability. But although there is evidence that biodiversity loss can lead to reductions in biomass production(1-4), there is no direct evidence that biodiversity loss affects ecosystem resistance (ability to withstand perturbation) or resilience (recovery from perturbation). Yet theory(5,6), laboratory experiments(7-11) and indirect experimental evidence(12-14) strongly suggest that diversity and stability are related. Here we report results from a field experiment with factorially crossed perturbation and diversity manipulations. We simulated drought perturbation on constructed grassland ecosystems containing 1, 2, 4, 8 or 32 plant species. Under unperturbed conditions, the species-poor systems achieved lower biomass production than the species-rich systems. However, the species-poor systems were more resistant to perturbation than the species-rich systems. The species-poor systems also showed a larger initial resilience following perturbation, although the original relationship between diversity and productivity was fully restored after 1 year. Our results confirm that biodiversity increases biomass production, but they also point to the fact that such diversity-production associations may lead to an inverse relationship between biodiversity and the stability of ecosystem functioning.