Dispute Settlement Regimes Intermingled: Regional Trade Agreements and the WTO
Dispute Settlement Regimes Intermingled: Regional Trade Agreements and the WTO
复制标题
混合的争端解决机制：区域贸易协定和世贸组织
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Wyatt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Marceau;J. Wyatt
国际贸易法领域经常以其统一性和争端解决及补救制度的力量而受到重视，但它本身对所谓的争端解决机制“扩散”现象并不陌生。区域贸易协定日益盛行，建立了越来越坚实和深远的争端解决机制，其中一些协定可能与世界贸易组织（世贸组织）的多边体制直接接触。本文的重点是RTA与WTO之间的这种互动的一种特殊类型：在RTA背景下采取的贸易反措施，如果这种报复行动可以被视为违反WTO规则，我们应该如何处理这个问题？要正确回答这一问题，就必须分析《关税及贸易总协定》和《服务贸易总协定》的例外规定所提供的灵活性，这些规定允许成员国维持某些区域贸易协定，并分析区域贸易协定争端解决机制往往明确授权的反措施的性质。随着国际法律的制度变得更加健全，相互之间的联系越来越多，在不断变化的国际贸易法领域，以及在整个当代国际法中，所讨论的一系列问题、相关国际法规则和可能的解决办法必将变得更加相关。
The field of international trade law, often highlighted for its unity and the strength of its dispute settlement and remedies systems, is itself no stranger to the phenomenon of the so-called ‘proliferation’ of dispute settlement mechanisms. Regional trade agreements (RTAs) are increasingly prevalent and set up more and more solid and far-reaching dispute settlement systems, some of which are likely to come into direct contact with the multilateral system of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This article focuses on one particular type of such interaction between RTAs and the WTO: how should we address the issue of a trade countermeasure taken in the context of an RTA when such retaliatory action can be considered a breach of a WTO rule? A proper answer to this question requires an analysis of the flexibilities provided by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and General Agreement on Trade in Services exception provisions allowing Members to maintain certain RTAs and of the nature of countermeasures often explicitly authorized by RTA dispute settlement mechanisms. The range of issues, relevant international law rules and potential solutions discussed are set to become only more pertinent both within the changing field of international trade law and, as international legal regimes become more robust and increasingly come into contact with one another, in contemporary international law in general.