Viewing forests through the lens of complex systems science
Viewing forests through the lens of complex systems science
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DOI：
10.1890/es13-00182.1
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Messier, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Filotas, Elise;Parrott, Lael;Messier, Christian
复杂系统科学提供了一个跨学科的框架来研究系统，其特征是（1）异质性，（2）层次结构，（3）自组织，（4）开放性，（5）适应性，（6）记忆，（7）非线性，（8）不确定性。复杂系统思维启发了提高生态系统复原力和适应性的理论和应用战略，但在森林生态学和管理中的应用才刚刚开始出现。我们回顾复杂系统的性质，使用四个研究良好的森林生物群落（温带，寒带，热带和地中海）为例。复杂系统科学的透镜使人们深入了解森林结构和动态的各个方面，从而促进生态系统之间的比较。这些生物群落具有复杂系统的主要特性，但在特定的生态特性、干扰机制和人类用途方面有所不同。我们展示了这种方法如何帮助森林科学家和管理人员将森林概念化为综合的社会生态系统，并提供了如何将森林作为复杂的适应性系统进行管理的具体例子。
Complex systems science provides a transdisciplinary framework to study systems characterized by (1) heterogeneity, (2) hierarchy, (3) self-organization, (4) openness, (5) adaptation, (6) memory, (7) non-linearity, and (8) uncertainty. Complex systems thinking has inspired both theory and applied strategies for improving ecosystem resilience and adaptability, but applications in forest ecology and management are just beginning to emerge. We review the properties of complex systems using four well-studied forest biomes (temperate, boreal, tropical and Mediterranean) as examples. The lens of complex systems science yields insights into facets of forest structure and dynamics that facilitate comparisons among ecosystems. These biomes share the main properties of complex systems but differ in specific ecological properties, disturbance regimes, and human uses. We show how this approach can help forest scientists and managers to conceptualize forests as integrated social-ecological systems and provide concrete examples of how to manage forests as complex adaptive systems.