Origin and fate of phosphorus in the Seine watershed (France): Agricultural and hydrographic P budgets
Origin and fate of phosphorus in the Seine watershed (France): Agricultural and hydrographic P budgets
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DOI：
10.1029/2006jg000331
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发表时间：
2007-09
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Némery;J. Garnier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Némery;J. Garnier
对 2000 年受人类影响的塞纳河流域（64,840 平方公里）的磷 (P) 来源（点源和扩散源）进行了评估。农业磷预算显示，化肥占土壤磷输入的 59% (20–25 kgP ha−1)。磷盈余（2.5 kg P ha−1 y−1）有助于农业土壤的磷富集，其储量达到 1800–5000 kgP ha−1。水文磷预算显示，径流（0.39-0.51 kgP ha−1）在扩散源中占主导地位。这些损失占土壤中磷储量的比例非常低（0.01%），但占排水网络磷输入总量的 19-25%。点源仍然是磷的主要来源（75-81%），特别是在下游城市化地区。河流排水网络中磷的滞留量占磷输入总量的9%~15%，这表明在大型河流磷预算计算中不能忽视它。塞纳河盆地向河口输出了 8000 tP y−1 （44% 作为颗粒磷）。出水口悬浮沉积物中的年平均颗粒物 P（2.9 gP kg−1）是源头和农村地区的四倍。河流连续体悬浮沉积物中颗粒无机磷/颗粒有机磷比率的类似增加清楚地表明点源压力的增加。丰水期悬浮沉积物的磷含量与农田土壤磷含量之间的密切关系导致提出了一种计算径流磷流失量的新方法。
Phosphorus (P) sources (point and diffuse) in the human-impacted Seine basin (64,840 km2) were evaluated for the year 2000. An agricultural P budget showed that fertilizers represented 59% (20–25 kgP ha−1) of P inputs to the soils. A P surplus (2.5 kg P ha−1 y−1) contributed to P enrichment of the agricultural soils whose stocks amounted to 1800–5000 kgP ha−1. A hydrographic P budget showed that runoff (0.39–0.51 kgP ha−1) dominated the diffuse sources. These losses represented a very low percentage (0.01%) of the P stocks in soils and contributed to 19–25% of the total P inputs to the drainage network. Point sources remained the main source of P (75–81%), particularly in the downstream urbanized zone. Phosphorus retention in the river drainage network accounted for 9–15% of the total P inputs, indicating that it must not be ignored in large river P budget calculations. The Seine basin exported 8000 tP y−1 (44% as particulate P) to its estuary. The annual mean particulate P in suspended sediment at the outlet (2.9 gP kg−1) was fourfold greater than in headwaters and in rural zones. The similar increase of the particulate inorganic P/particulate organic P ratio in suspended sediment along the river continuum clearly indicated the increasing pressure of point sources. The close relation between P content of suspended sediment during the high-flow period and the P content of agricultural soils resulted in proposing a novel method to calculate the PP losses from runoff.