Woodland small mammal population ecology in Britain: a preliminary review of the Mammal Society survey of Wood Mice Apodemus sylvaticus and Bank Voles Clethrionomys glareolus, 1982–87
Woodland small mammal population ecology in Britain: a preliminary review of the Mammal Society survey of Wood Mice Apodemus sylvaticus and Bank Voles Clethrionomys glareolus, 1982–87
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英国林地小型哺乳动物种群生态学：哺乳动物协会对木鼠Apodemus sylvaticus 和Bank Voles Clethrionomys glareolus 调查的初步审查，1982-87
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Flowerdew
中科院分区：
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作者：
H. C. Mallorie;J. Flowerdew
哺乳动物协会在英国13个0.8 1公顷的地点协调了一项关于林鼠、黑线姬鼠和银行田鼠的种群调查。从1982年到1987年，每年5、6、11、12两个月统计用标准方法活捉的小鼠和田鼠的数量。这些数据与英国四项独立研究的结果以及相应的林木种子作物大小评估结果一起进行了分析。林鼠的数量在冬季通常比夏季更多，但银行田鼠的波动不太规律。在落叶林地，木鼠在种子丰收后的冬季和次年夏天的平均相对密度显著高于种子收获不佳后的冬季和次年夏天；当种子作物丰收时，从夏季到冬季的种群变化率显著高于冬季。在种子丰收后的夏季，岸鼠的相对密度显著高于种子收成较差的夏季，并且从冬季到夏季的变化率显著高于夏季。在木鼠种群中，密度依赖性测试表明，从夏季到冬季，密度依赖性较强，而从冬季到夏季，密度依赖性较弱；在银行田鼠中，一年中的两个半年都存在较弱的密度依赖性。因此，林鼠的数量在秋季受到调节，但在冬季和次年夏季也受到种子作物大小的影响；银行田鼠的数量在秋季和春季都不那么强烈，并受到次年夏季种子作物大小的影响。有证据表明，落叶林地中每一物种的种群在夏季在全国范围内是同步的，而木鼠在冬季也是同步的；不同地点的高峰期和低谷期往往是一致的。林木种子的产量每年变化很大，可能是同步的原因，但也可能涉及天气影响。
The Mammal Society has co-ordinated a population survey of Wood Mice Apodemus sylvaticus and Bank Voles Clethrionomys glareolus in 13 0.8 1 -hectare sites in Britain. Numbers of mice and voles live-trapped using standard methods were collated every May/June and NovemberDecember from 1982 to 1987. The data were analysed with results from four independent studies in England and the corresponding assessments of tree seed crop size. Wood Mouse numbers are usually higher in winter than in summer but Bank Vole fluctuations are less regular. In deciduous woodland, Wood Mouse mean relative densities are significantly greater in the winter and the following summer after a good seed crop than after a poor one; rates of population change from summer to winter are significantly higher when a good seed crop falls. Bank Vole relative densities are significantly greater in the summer following a good seed crop than after a poor one, and rates of change from winter to summer are significantly higher. In Wood Mouse populations, tests for density dependence suggest that it is strong from summer to winter but absent from winter to summer; in Bank Voles weaker density dependence is present in both halves of the year. Thus, Wood Mouse numbers are regulated in autumn but are also influenced by seed crop size in winter and the following summer; Bank Vole numbers are less strongly regulated during both autumn and spring and are influenced by seed crop size in the following summer. Evidence is presented suggesting that populations of each species in deciduous woodlands are synchronized over the country in summer and that Wood Mice are also synchronized in winter; highs and lows tend to coincide between different sites. The yield of tree seed is shown to vary significantly from year to year and may be the cause of the synchrony, but weather effects may also be involved.