Listening in combat - surveillance technologies beyond the visual in the First World War
Listening in combat - surveillance technologies beyond the visual in the First World War
复制标题
战斗中的聆听——第一次世界大战中超越视觉的监视技术
DOI：
10.1080/07341512.2016.1231782
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Bruton E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruton E
伊丽莎白·布鲁顿a和格雷姆·古迪B英国曼彻斯特大学约德雷尔班克发现中心;利兹大学哲学、宗教和科学史学院，利兹，英国长期以来，战斗的艺术一直激励着人类扩大感官的范围，提高感官的能力。几个世纪以来，来自军事和民用领域的创新在不断升级的战略努力中扩展和增强了这些能力，以确保赢得战斗和赢得新市场的关键情报。人们对民用和军用之间共同发展的视觉技术有很多了解：17世纪的望远镜，18世纪的观测气球，19世纪的潜艇潜望镜，以及第一次世界大战中的战壕使用。[1]这些创新要么有助于将陆海军的光学能力扩展到传统视野之外，要么有助于减少那些必须近距离观察敌人的人的脆弱性。
Elizabeth Bruton a and Graeme Gooday b aJodrell Bank discovery centre, the University of Manchester, UK; bschool of Philosophy, religion and History of science, University of leeds, leeds, UKThe arts of combat have long motivated humans to extend the range of, and refine the capacities of, their senses. For centuries, innovations from both military and civilian origins have extended and enhanced those capacities in ever-escalating strategic efforts to secure crucial intelligence both to win battles and win new markets. Much is known about the visual technologies that co-evolved between civilian and military usage: the telescope in the seventeenth century, the observation balloon in the eighteenth century, and the submarine periscope in nineteenth century, extended to trench usage in the First World War. 1 These innovations helped either to extend the optical capacities of armies and navies beyond the conventional horizon, or to lessen the vulnerability of those obliged to scrutinize enemies at close hand.