Early Postnatal Manganese Exposure Causes Lasting Impairment of Selective and Focused Attention and Arousal Regulation in Adult Rats.
Early Postnatal Manganese Exposure Causes Lasting Impairment of Selective and Focused Attention and Arousal Regulation in Adult Rats.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp258
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Smith DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beaudin SA;Strupp BJ;Strawderman M;Smith DR
在儿童和青少年中的研究已经将早期发育的锰（Mn）暴露与注意力不集中、冲动、多动和对立行为相关联，但是由于数据的相关性和对潜在混杂因素的控制通常有限，因此排除了因果推断。使用环境锰暴露的大鼠模型，确定出生后早期口服锰暴露是否导致成年期持续的注意力和冲动控制缺陷，以及持续终身锰暴露是否加剧这些影响。新生儿在出生后早期（PND 1-21）或从PND 1至研究结束的整个生命期内经口暴露于0、25或50 mg Mn/kg/天。在成年期，这些动物被测试了一系列的学习和注意力任务，使用五个选择的系列反应时间任务。出生后早期锰暴露引起持久的注意力功能障碍，由于注意力准备，选择性注意和唤醒调节的障碍，而联想能力（学习）和冲动控制幸免。这些缺陷的存在和严重程度随锰暴露的剂量和持续时间而变化。这项研究是第一个表明，发展锰暴露可能会导致持久的损害集中和选择性注意和唤醒调节，并确定具体性质的损害。鉴于注意力和唤醒调节在认知功能中的重要性，这些发现证实了对人类发育锰暴露不良影响的担忧。Beaudin SA，Strupp BJ，Strawderman M，Smith DR. 2017.出生后早期锰暴露导致成年大鼠选择性和集中注意力以及唤醒调节的持续损害。环境健康展望125：230-237; http：dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP258
Studies in children and adolescents have associated early developmental manganese (Mn) exposure with inattention, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and oppositional behaviors, but causal inferences are precluded by the correlational nature of the data and generally limited control for potential confounders. To determine whether early postnatal oral Mn exposure causes lasting attentional and impulse control deficits in adulthood, and whether continued lifelong Mn exposure exacerbates these effects, using a rat model of environmental Mn exposure. Neonates were exposed orally to 0, 25 or 50 mg Mn/kg/day during early postnatal life (PND 1–21) or throughout life from PND 1 until the end of the study. In adulthood, the animals were tested on a series of learning and attention tasks using the five-choice serial reaction time task. Early postnatal Mn exposure caused lasting attentional dysfunction due to impairments in attentional preparedness, selective attention, and arousal regulation, whereas associative ability (learning) and impulse control were spared. The presence and severity of these deficits varied with the dose and duration of Mn exposure. This study is the first to show that developmental Mn exposure can cause lasting impairments in focused and selective attention and arousal regulation, and to identify the specific nature of the impairments. Given the importance of attention and arousal regulation in cognitive functioning, these findings substantiate concerns about the adverse effects of developmental Mn exposure in humans. Beaudin SA, Strupp BJ, Strawderman M, Smith DR. 2017. Early postnatal manganese exposure causes lasting impairment of selective and focused attention and arousal regulation in adult rats. Environ Health Perspect 125:230–237; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP258