A Model-Independent Characterisation of Strong Gravitational Lensing by Observables
A Model-Independent Characterisation of Strong Gravitational Lensing by Observables
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DOI：
10.3390/universe5070177
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发表时间：
2019-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
J. Wagner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Wagner
当来自遥远来源的物体，如星系或超新星的光向我们传播时，它会被位于其路径上的大质量物体所偏转。当偏转物体的质量密度超过某一阈值时，观察到源的多个高度失真的图像。到目前为止，这种强烈的引力透镜效应一直被视为模型拟合问题。使用观测到的多幅图像作为约束，产生偏转质量密度和源对象的自洽模型。由于几个模型同样满足约束条件，我们开发了一种透镜表征，将基于数据的信息从模型假设中分离出来。观测到的多幅图像使我们能够从一组简单的方程中确定偏转质量分布在任何质量尺度上的局部性质。他们的解决方案是独一无二的，没有依赖于模型的退化。源物体的重建可以完全独立于模型执行，使我们能够研究星系演化，而不存在透镜模型偏差。我们的方法将镜头和光源描述简化为所有模型都同意的基于数据的证据，简化了对大型数据集的自动处理，并允许外推到类似于基于模型的描述的全局描述。
When light from a distant source object, like a galaxy or a supernova, travels towards us, it is deflected by massive objects that lie in its path. When the mass density of the deflecting object exceeds a certain threshold, multiple, highly distorted images of the source are observed. This strong gravitational lensing effect has so far been treated as a model-fitting problem. Using the observed multiple images as constraints yields a self-consistent model of the deflecting mass density and the source object. As several models meet the constraints equally well, we develop a lens characterisation that separates data-based information from model assumptions. The observed multiple images allow us to determine local properties of the deflecting mass distribution on any mass scale from one simple set of equations. Their solution is unique and free of model-dependent degeneracies. The reconstruction of source objects can be performed completely model-independently, enabling us to study galaxy evolution without a lens-model bias. Our approach reduces the lens and source description to its data-based evidence that all models agree upon, simplifies an automated treatment of large datasets, and allows for an extrapolation to a global description resembling model-based descriptions.