Age differences in the perception of hierarchical structure in events.

Age differences in the perception of hierarchical structure in events.
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对事件层次结构的感知存在年龄差异。

DOI:
10.3758/s13421-010-0027-2
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发表时间:
2011-01
期刊:
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Zacks JM
Zacks JM
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kurby CA;Zacks JM

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日常活动被分解成部分和子部分,欣赏这种层次结构是理解的重要组成部分。在两个实验中,我们发现在连续活动中感知等级结构的能力存在年龄差异。在这两个实验中,年轻人和老年人将日常活动的电影分割成有意义的大小事件。老年人的分割比年轻人的分割更偏离群体常态,而且老年人的分割比年轻人的分割组织得不那么层级。老年人在事件记忆任务中的表现不如年轻人。在某些情况下,事件分割的衡量标准区分了记忆力较好和较差的老年人。这些结果表明,正在进行的活动的分层编码随着年龄的增长而下降,这种编码可能对记忆很重要。
Everyday activities break down into parts and subparts, and appreciating this hierarchical structure is an important component of understanding. In two experiments we found age differences in the ability to perceive hierarchical structure in continuous activity. In both experiments, younger and older adults segmented movies of everyday activities into large and small meaningful events. Older adults’ segmentation deviated more from group norms than did younger adults’ segmentation, and older adults’ segmentation was less hierarchically organized than that of younger adults. Older adults performed less well than younger adults on event memory tasks. In some cases, measures of event segmentation discriminated between those older adults with better and worse memory. These results suggest that the hierarchical encoding of ongoing activity declines with age, and that such encoding may be important for memory.
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
发表时间: 1986-12-01
影响因子: 7.6
作者:
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通讯作者: KENNY, DA
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