Mapping Obesogenic Food Environments in South Africa and Ghana: Correlations and Contradictions
Mapping Obesogenic Food Environments in South Africa and Ghana: Correlations and Contradictions
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DOI：
10.3390/su11143924
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发表时间：
2019-07-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Sanders, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kroll, Florian;Swart, Elizabeth Catherina;Sanders, David
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，城市化和食品系统的变化导致了饮食的快速转变，从而导致肥胖。目前还不清楚这些变化在多大程度上是由邻近的食物环境或其他因素介导的。本文将南非Khayelitsha和加纳Ahodwo的邻里食品供应与家庭消费和贫困相关联。食物消费和供应的地理参考调查数据按肥胖风险和保护进行分类。出口被绘制成地图，密度和分布与风险等级相关。在Khayelitsha，71%的家庭超过饮食肥胖风险阈值，而16%的家庭食用保护性饮食。尽管Khayelitsha的收入贫困程度更高，但Ahodwo的致胖特征较少（26%），保护性更普遍（23%）。在这里，收入被剥夺的家庭消耗显着（p < 0.005）较少的致肥胖和保护饮食。小型非正规食品店在数量上占主导地位，但超市是Khayelitsha家庭的主要食品来源。虽然Ahodwo的食物供应密度较高（76/km（2）），但Khayelitsha出口（61/km（2））提供了更多的致肥胖（57% Khayelitsha; 39% Ahodwo）和保护性（43% Khayelitsha; 16% Ahodwo）食物。Ahodwo的消费和供应概况比Khayelitsha的相关性更强（rKhayelitsha = 0.624; rAhodwo = 0.862）。Khayelitsha较高的致肥胖食品消费表明，危险的食品环境和贫困共同促进了致肥胖饮食。
In sub-Saharan Africa, urbanisation and food systems change contribute to rapid dietary transitions promoting obesity. It is unclear to what extent these changes are mediated by neighbourhood food environments or other factors. This paper correlates neighbourhood food provision with household consumption and poverty in Khayelitsha, South Africa and Ahodwo, Ghana. Georeferenced survey data of food consumption and provision were classified by obesity risk and protection. Outlets were mapped, and density and distribution correlated with risk classes. In Khayelitsha, 71% of households exceeded dietary obesity risk thresholds while 16% consumed protective diets. Obesogenic profiles were less (26%) and protective more prevalent (23%) in Ahodwo despite greater income poverty in Khayelitsha. Here, income-deprived households consumed significantly (p < 0.005) less obesogenic and protective diets. Small informal food outlets dominated numerically but supermarkets were key household food sources in Khayelitsha. Although density of food provision in Ahodwo was higher (76/km(2)), Khayelitsha outlets (61/km(2)) provided greater access to obesogenic (57% Khayelitsha; 39% Ahodwo) and protective (43% Khayelitsha; 16% Ahodwo) foods. Consumption and provision profiles correlate more strongly in Ahodwo than Khayelitsha (rKhayelitsha = 0.624; rAhodwo = 0.862). Higher obesogenic food consumption in Khayelitsha suggests that risky food environments and poverty together promote obesogenic diets.