Simulation of daily discharges for the upper Durance catchment (French Alps) using subgrid parameterization for topography and a forest canopy climate model
Simulation of daily discharges for the upper Durance catchment (French Alps) using subgrid parameterization for topography and a forest canopy climate model
复制标题
使用地形子网格参数化和森林冠层气候模型模拟杜兰斯上游流域（法国阿尔卑斯山）的每日排放量
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Etchevers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
U. Strasser;P. Etchevers
应用SAFRAN(气象变量)、ISBA(土壤-植被-大气迁移)和Crocus(雪盖演变)耦合模式模拟了法国阿尔卑斯山上杜兰斯集水区1981-1994年的日径流量。通过与流域内三个测站的测量结果进行比较，验证了计算结果的正确性。以前的调查表明，对模拟的融雪所产生的春季洪峰的估计明显高估。将模式分辨率从8公里提高到1公里，从而更准确地考虑了随海拔变化的融雪过程，可以显著提高模式的分辨率。但是，也可以在粗网格分辨率下使用子网格参数化来改进模拟。本文研究了地形的亚网格参数化、森林冠层积雪的亚网格参数化以及两者的结合对模拟春季洪峰的影响。结果表明，两种亚格子方案的模拟结果都有显著的改善，特别是它们的组合：日排放的Nash-Sutcliffe效率从原来的0.73(试验)提高到0.77(亚格子地形)、0.75(森林)和0.78(亚格子地形和森林的组合)。版权所有©2005 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
This study describes the application of the coupled SAFRAN (meteorological variables), ISBA (soil–vegetation–atmosphere transfer) and CROCUS (snow cover evolution) models to simulate daily discharges for the upper Durance catchment (French Alps) from 1981 to 1994. The results are validated by comparison with measurements at three gauging stations located in the watershed. Previous investigations have shown a remarkable overestimation of the spring flood peak generated by the modelled snowmelt. It could be significantly improved by increasing the model resolution from 8 km to 1 km, thus more precisely considering the elevation‐dependent snowmelt process. However, it is also possible to use subgrid parameterizations at the coarse grid resolution to improve simulations. This paper investigates the influence of a subgrid parameterization for topography, a subgrid parameterization for the snow cover in a forest canopy and a combination of the two on the simulated spring flood peak. Results show a significant improvement in the simulations by both subgrid parameterizations, in particular by their combination: the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of the daily discharges is improved from 0·73 (original experiment) to 0·77 (subgrid topography), to 0·75 (forest) and to 0·78 (combination of subgrid topography and forest). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.