Genome-wide identification and characterization of novel genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza
Genome-wide identification and characterization of novel genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza
复制标题
丹参萜类生物合成新基因的全基因组鉴定和表征
DOI：
10.1093/jxb/err466
复制
发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Lu, Shanfa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma, Yimian;Yuan, Lichai;Lu, Shanfa
萜类化合物是植物次生代谢物中最大的一类，引起了广泛的兴趣。丹参属薄荷科中面积最大、分布最广的属，是一种具有巨大经济和药用价值的模式药用植物。二萜丹参酮是丹参中主要的亲脂性生物活性成分。迄今为止尚未见有关萜类生物合成的基因的系统分析的报道。检索最近可用的丹参基因组工作草案，鉴定出 40 个萜类生物合成相关基因，其中 27 个是新基因。这些基因属于 19 个家族的成员，编码参与通用异戊二烯前体异戊烯基二磷酸及其异构体二甲基烯丙基二磷酸生物合成的所有酶，以及与拉丹丹相关二萜生物合成相关的两种酶。通过系统分析，发现40个基因中有20个可能参与丹参酮的生物合成。使用综合方法，分析了所有已识别基因的内含子/外显子结构和表达模式及其对茉莉酸甲酯处理的反应。揭示了推导的丹参蛋白及其从其他植物物种中分离的同源物之间的保守结构域和系统发育关系。发现一些关键酶，如1-脱氧-D-木酮糖5-磷酸合酶、4-羟基-3-甲基丁-2-烯基二磷酸还原酶、羟甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶和香叶基香叶基二磷酸合酶，由具有不同表达模式和亚细胞的多个基因成员编码。 定位，并且同聚和异聚香叶基二磷酸合酶都存在于丹参中。研究结果表明丹参中萜类化合物生物合成的复杂性以及多种萜类化合物代谢通道的存在，为通过基因工程提高丹参酮产量提供了有用的信息。
Terpenoids are the largest class of plant secondary metabolites and have attracted widespread interest. Salvia miltiorrhiza, belonging to the largest and most widely distributed genus in the mint family, is a model medicinal plant with great economic and medicinal value. Diterpenoid tanshinones are the major lipophilic bioactive components in S. miltiorrhiza. Systematic analysis of genes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis has not been reported to date. Searching the recently available working draft of the S. miltiorrhiza genome, 40 terpenoid biosynthesis-related genes were identified, of which 27 are novel. These genes are members of 19 families, which encode all of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the universal isoprene precursor isopentenyl diphosphate and its isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate, and two enzymes associated with the biosynthesis of labdane-related diterpenoids. Through a systematic analysis, it was found that 20 of the 40 genes could be involved in tanshinone biosynthesis. Using a comprehensive approach, the intron/exon structures and expression patterns of all identified genes and their responses to methyl jasmonate treatment were analysed. The conserved domains and phylogenetic relationships among the deduced S. miltiorrhiza proteins and their homologues isolated from other plant species were revealed. It was discovered that some of the key enzymes, such as 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase, 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase, and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, are encoded by multiple gene members with different expression patterns and subcellular localizations, and both homomeric and heteromeric geranyl diphosphate synthases exist in S. miltiorrhiza. The results suggest the complexity of terpenoid biosynthesis and the existence of metabolic channels for diverse terpenoids in S. miltiorrhiza and provide useful information for improving tanshinone production through genetic engineering.