Sexual selection explains Rensch's rule of allometry for sexual size dimorphism.
Sexual selection explains Rensch's rule of allometry for sexual size dimorphism.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2007.1043
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发表时间：
2007-12-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Whittingham LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dale J;Dunn PO;Figuerola J;Lislevand T;Székely T;Whittingham LA
1950年，Rensch首次描述了在相关物种群体中，性大小二态性在较大物种中更为明显。这种广泛且基本的异速生长关系现在通常被称为“伦施规则”。然而，尽管最近有大量研究，我们仍然没有对这种异速生长的一般解释。在这里，我们报告了超过 5300 种鸟类的异速生长模式表明，Rensch 规则是由雌性与雄性定向性选择的相关进化变化驱动的。首先，在详细的多变量分析中，到目前为止，性选择的强度是异速生长的最强预测因素。即使在控制了许多潜在的混杂因素（例如整体大小、装饰程度、系统发育历史以及大小二态性的范围和程度）后，情况仍然如此。其次，在雌性性选择较强的群体中，异速生长始终与伦施规则相反。总而言之，这些结果为性别尺寸二态性异速生长的长期存在的进化问题提供了第一个明确的解决方案：性选择导致尺寸二态性与物种大小相关。
In 1950, Rensch first described that in groups of related species, sexual size dimorphism is more pronounced in larger species. This widespread and fundamental allometric relationship is now commonly referred to as ‘Rensch's rule’. However, despite numerous recent studies, we still do not have a general explanation for this allometry. Here we report that patterns of allometry in over 5300 bird species demonstrate that Rensch's rule is driven by a correlated evolutionary change in females to directional sexual selection on males. First, in detailed multivariate analysis, the strength of sexual selection was, by far, the strongest predictor of allometry. This was found to be the case even after controlling for numerous potential confounding factors, such as overall size, degree of ornamentation, phylogenetic history and the range and degree of size dimorphism. Second, in groups where sexual selection is stronger in females, allometry consistently goes in the opposite direction to Rensch's rule. Taken together, these results provide the first clear solution to the long-standing evolutionary problem of allometry for sexual size dimorphism: sexual selection causes size dimorphism to correlate with species size.
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