Challenges and Future Perspectives in the Systematics of Kickxellomycotina, Mortierellomycotina, Mucoromycotina, and Zoopagomycotina
Challenges and Future Perspectives in the Systematics of Kickxellomycotina, Mortierellomycotina, Mucoromycotina, and Zoopagomycotina
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-29137-6_5
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
White, Merlin M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Benny, Gerald L.;Smith, Matthew E.;White, Merlin M.
本文介绍了早期分歧真菌的四个亚门：Kickxellomycotina、Mortierellomycotina、Mucoromycotina和Zoopagomycotina的分类。Kickxellomycotina包括四个目：Asellariales（与等足类和弹尾目共生），Dimargaritales（吸器真菌寄生虫），Harpellales（昆虫幼虫的共生体）和Kickxellales（汁液）。Mortierellomycotina包括一个单一的目，Mortierellales，包括汁液和根内生菌。Zoopagomycotina也有一个目，Zoopagales，包含专性动物寄生虫或真菌寄生虫。Mucoromycotina有两个目，Endogonales（汁液和外生菌根真菌）和Mucorales（主要是汁液）。毛霉是迄今为止最多样化的目，包括14个科和两个不同但未命名的分支。除了提供这些亚门的系统发育和分类学概述，我们提供这些真菌的生长和无菌培养的信息。我们还讨论了DNA条形码，环境采样，基因组测序和系统发育分析，因为它们涉及到这些亚门和其他早期分歧的真菌谱系。有证据表明，从这四个亚门中广泛的分类群中进行基因组测序，结合创新的环境采样方法，可能会彻底改变我们对这些真菌和真菌生命树的理解。
This review presents a phylogenetically based classification of four subphyla of the early-diverging fungi:Kickxellomycotina,Mortierellomycotina,Mucoromycotina, andZoopagomycotina. TheKickxellomycotinacontains four orders:Asellariales(symbionts with isopods and Collembola),Dimargaritales(haustorial mycoparasites),Harpellales(symbionts of insect larvae), andKickxellales(saprobes).Mortierellomycotinacontains a single order,Mortierellales, that includes both saprobes and root endophytes.Zoopagomycotinaalso has one order,Zoopagales, that contains species of obligate animal parasites or mycoparasites.Mucoromycotinahas two orders,Endogonales(saprobes and ectomycorrhizal fungi) andMucorales(primarily saprobes). TheMucoralesis by far the most diverse order and includes 14 families and two distinct but unnamed clades. In addition to providing a phylogenetic and taxonomic overview of these subphyla, we provide information on growth and axenic cultivation of these fungi. We also discuss DNA barcoding, environmental sampling, genome sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses as they relate to these subphyla and other early-diverging fungal lineages. Evidence suggests that genome sequencing from a wide array of taxa in these four subphyla combined with innovative environmental sampling approaches is likely to revolutionize our understanding of these fungi and also the fungal tree of life.