Meteorological Data for the Astronomical Site at Dome A, Antarctica
Meteorological Data for the Astronomical Site at Dome A, Antarctica
复制标题
南极洲 Dome A 天文站点的气象数据
DOI：
10.1086/678327
复制
发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Wen, Haikun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yuansheng;Ma, Bin;Wang, Lifan;Wen, Haikun
本文分析了昆仑自动气象站在南极冰穹A收集的气象资料，包括雪面以上8个海拔高度（0 ~ 14.5 m）的温度和风速。2 m和14.5 m处的平均温度分别为-54 ° C和-46 ° C。我们发现，一个强烈的逆温存在于所有的高度超过70%的时间，逆温通常持续时间超过25小时，这表明一个非常稳定的大气。低海拔地区的温度梯度比高海拔地区大。在4 m海拔高度，平均风速为1.5 m s-1。我们发现，当风速较低时，逆温较强，并且温度梯度在每个海拔高度的特定风速下急剧减小。强烈的逆温和低风速导致了一个浅而稳定的边界层，上面的大气湍流很弱，这表明Dome A应该是一个很好的天文观测地点。气象站的所有数据都可以下载。
We present an analysis of the meteorological data collected at Dome A, Antarctica by the Kunlun Automated Weather Station, including temperatures and wind speeds at eight elevations above the snow surface between 0 m and 14.5 m. The average temperatures at 2 m and 14.5 m are -54°C and -46°C, respectively. We find that a strong temperature inversion existed at all heights for more than 70% of the time, and the temperature inversion typically lasts longer than 25 hr, indicating an extremely stable atmosphere. The temperature gradient is larger at lower elevations than at higher elevations. The average wind speed was 1.5 m s-1 at 4 m elevation. We find that the temperature inversion is stronger when the wind speed is lower, and the temperature gradient decreases sharply at a specific wind speed for each elevation. The strong temperature inversion and low wind speed result in a shallow and stable boundary layer with weak atmospheric turbulence above it, suggesting that Dome A should be an excellent site for astronomical observations. All the data from the weather station are available for download.