The correlates of intraspecific variation in nest height and nest building duration in the Eurasian blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus
The correlates of intraspecific variation in nest height and nest building duration in the Eurasian blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus
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DOI：
10.1111/jav.02528
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发表时间：
2021-02-12
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Shutt, Jack D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Der Weduwen, Dagmar;Keogan, Katharine;Shutt, Jack D.
鸟类筑巢主要是作为产卵的容器，但它们也可以提供次要的好处，包括结构支撑，伪装和调整蛋和后代周围的小气候。巢特征的种内变异的潜在因素知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们的目的是确定环境因素，预测巢的高度变化和筑巢蓝山雀蓝山雀的持续时间，评估纬度，海拔，温度和产卵的时间作为巢的高度的预测因子，同时也考虑到女性和男性的父母身份。使用713巢高观测收集了一段时间的沿着220公里的样带在苏格兰，我们发现，如果年平均产卵时间早，巢高。巢高与海拔、纬度、产卵前14天最低气温及鸟类物候期无相关性。雌性父母身份占了大量的巢高的变化，这表明，个人行为对巢结构的影响。我们还发现，当产卵发生在一年中的早些时候，筑巢的持续时间较短，并且在所有观察中，较高的巢需要更长的时间才能建成。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，蓝山雀能够根据环境梯度，如纬度（在建筑持续时间的情况下）和产卵的年平均物候变化来改变它们的巢特征，并且鸟类建造相对较高的巢更快。
Birds build nests primarily as a receptacle to lay their eggs in, but they can also provide secondary benefits including structural support, camouflage and adjustment of the microclimate surrounding the eggs and offspring. The factors underlying intraspecific variation in nest characteristics are poorly understood. In this study, we aim to identify the environmental factors that predict nest height variation and the duration of nest building in blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus, evaluating latitude, elevation, temperature and the timing of egg-laying as predictors of nest height, while also taking into account female and male parental identity. Using 713 nest height observations collected over a period of five years along a 220 km transect in Scotland, we found that if the annual mean timing of egg-laying was earlier, nests were taller. However, there was no correlation between nest height and elevation, latitude, the minimum temperature in the 14 days pre-egg-laying or the phenology of birds within a year. Female parental identity accounted for a large amount of variation in nest height, suggesting that individual behaviour has an influence on nest structure. We also found that nest building duration was shorter when egg laying occurred earlier in the year, and that across all observations taller nests took longer to build. Overall, our results show that blue tits are able to alter their nest characteristics based on environmental gradients like latitude (in the case of building duration) and the annual mean phenological variation of egg laying, and that birds build relatively taller nests faster.