Drinking-driving fatalities and consumption of beer, wine and spirits
Drinking-driving fatalities and consumption of beer, wine and spirits
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DOI：
10.1080/09595230600741099
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Giesbrecht, Norman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mann, Robert E.;Zalcman, Rosely Flam;Giesbrecht, Norman
在加拿大，酒后驾车是可预防的发病率和死亡率的主要原因。本文的目的是调查影响安大略省酒后驾车死亡的因素。我们研究了1962-1996年安大略省人均总酒精消费量以及啤酒、葡萄酒和烈性酒的人均消费量对酒后驾车死亡的影响，以及加拿大引入本身法律和成立在任何地方减少受损驾驶的人--反对酒后驾驶的母亲加拿大(Pride-MADD)--的影响。我们利用时间序列分析和自回归综合移动平均(ARIMA)建模。随着总饮酒量的增加，酒后驾车死亡人数也增加了。加拿大法律本身的引入和Pride-MADD加拿大法律的引入，降低了酒后驾车的死亡率。在特定的饮料类型中，只有喝啤酒对饮酒司机的死亡有显著影响。确定了几个因素，它们提高和降低了酒后驾车者的死亡率。尤其令人感兴趣的是观察到啤酒消费对这些死亡率的影响。在北美，啤酒的税率比其他酒精饮料低。讨论了税收政策作为酒后驾车死亡决定因素的作用。
Drinking-driving is a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in Canada. The purpose of this paper was to examine factors that influenced drinking driver deaths in Ontario. We examined the impact of per capita consumption of total alcohol, and of beer, wine and spirits separately, on drinking-driving deaths in Ontario from 1962 to 1996, as well as the impact of the introduction of Canada's per se law and the founding of People to Reduce Impaired Driving Everywhere -Mothers Against Drunk Driving (PRIDE-MADD) Canada. We utilised time-series analyses with autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) modelling. As total alcohol consumption increased, drinking driving fatalities increased. The introduction of Canada's per se law, and of PRIDE-MADD Canada, acted to reduce drinking driving death rates. Among the specific beverage types, only consumption of beer had a significant impact on drinking driver deaths. Several factors were identified that acted to increase and decrease drinking driver death rates. Of particular interest was the observation of the impact of beer consumption on these death rates. In North America, beer is taxed at a lower rate than other alcoholic beverages. The role of taxation policies as determinants of drinking-driving deaths is discussed.