A review of genetic methods and models for analysis of coronavirus-induced severe pneumonitis.
A review of genetic methods and models for analysis of coronavirus-induced severe pneumonitis.
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DOI：
10.1099/vir.0.069732-0
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Leibowitz JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McGruder B;Leibowitz JL
冠状病毒（CoV）已经研究了60多年，但直到最近才因严重呼吸综合征CoV和中东呼吸综合征病毒的出现而成为致命的人类病原体。这些病毒的迅速出现表明需要良好的模型来研究严重的CoV呼吸道感染和发病机制。目前，有不同的方法和模型用于研究CoV疾病。本文综述了目前用于冠状病毒遗传学研究和评价的遗传学方法。有几种动物模型，包括小鼠和替代动物，用于研究已经检查的严重CoV呼吸道疾病，每种动物模型相对于人类疾病的实际发病机制具有不同的优点和缺点。这些模型目前的局限性是没有动物模型可以完美地再现人类中所见的疾病。通过对现有疾病模型的回顾和分析，研究人员可以采用最合适的可用模型来研究CoV发病机制的各个方面，并评估可能在未来治疗和预防严重CoV呼吸道感染中可能成功的抗病毒治疗。
Coronaviruses (CoVs) have been studied for over 60 years, but have only recently gained notoriety as deadly human pathogens with the emergence of severe respiratory syndrome CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome virus. The rapid emergence of these viruses has demonstrated the need for good models to study severe CoV respiratory infection and pathogenesis. There are, currently, different methods and models for the study of CoV disease. The available genetic methods for the study and evaluation of CoV genetics are reviewed here. There are several animal models, both mouse and alternative animals, for the study of severe CoV respiratory disease that have been examined, each with different pros and cons relative to the actual pathogenesis of the disease in humans. A current limitation of these models is that no animal model perfectly recapitulates the disease seen in humans. Through the review and analysis of the available disease models, investigators can employ the most appropriate available model to study various aspects of CoV pathogenesis and evaluate possible antiviral treatments that may potentially be successful in future treatment and prevention of severe CoV respiratory infections.