Stress Triggering of the 1994 M = 6.7 Northridge, California, Earthquake by Its Predecessors
Stress Triggering of the 1994 M = 6.7 Northridge, California, Earthquake by Its Predecessors
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DOI：
10.1126/science.265.5177.1432
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发表时间：
1994-09
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
R. Stein;G. King;Jian Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Stein;G. King;Jian Lin
应力传递模型表明，1933 年和 1952 年的地震增加了 1971 年圣费尔南多地震现场的库仑应力，导致破坏。 1971 年的地震反过来又在 1987 年惠蒂尔海峡和 1994 年北岭破裂的地点增加了应力并产生了余震。北岭主震增加了余震和地表断层发生地区的应力。自 1933 年以来，洛杉矶附近发生的 M ≥ 6 级地震加在一起，对橡树岭、马德雷山脉、圣莫尼卡山脉、Elysian Park 和 Newport-lnglewood 断层的部分地区造成了超过 1 巴的压力。虽然这些应力变化太小而不会引发地震，但如果地壳已经接近破裂，这些应力变化可能会引发事件，如果地壳没有破裂，则可能会提前发生地震。
A model of stress transfer implies that earthquakes in 1933 and 1952 increased the Coulomb stress toward failure at the site of the 1971 San Fernando earthquake. The 1971 earthquake in turn raised stress and produced aftershocks at the site of the 1987 Whittier Narrows and 1994 Northridge ruptures. The Northridge main shock raised stress in areas where its aftershocks and surface faulting occurred. Together, the earthquakes with moment magnitude M ≥ 6 near Los Angeles since 1933 have stressed parts of the Oak Ridge, Sierra Madre, Santa Monica Mountains, Elysian Park, and Newport-lnglewood faults by more than 1 bar. Although too small to cause earthquakes, these stress changes can trigger events if the crust is already near failure or advance future earthquake occurrence if it is not.