Hyaluronan: Genetic insights into the complex biology of a simple polysaccharide
Hyaluronan: Genetic insights into the complex biology of a simple polysaccharide
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1025369004783
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Camenisch, TD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDonald, JA;Camenisch, TD
这是适当的，这审查应该出现在一卷专门为默特伯恩菲尔德。我对细胞外基质的细胞生物学的兴趣，特别是在发育过程中，与Mert的开创性研究相呼应。他在会议期间提出的善意但挑衅性的问题尤其令人怀念。糖胺聚糖透明质酸是普遍存在的，并且在胚胎发生期间特别丰富。富含透明质酸的水合基质扩大细胞外空间，促进细胞迁移。透明质酸的粘弹性对于软骨和关节的正常功能也是必不可少的。最近对透明质酸生物学的理解受益于编码透明质酸酶和透明质酸酶的基因的鉴定、透明质酸在发育过程中的作用的遗传分析、透明质酸合成的生化机制的阐明以及人类遗传学和肿瘤的研究。本文综述了最近的研究利用透明质酸缺乏，基因靶向小鼠与无效等位基因的主要来源，透明质酸在妊娠中期，透明质酸合酶-2（has-2）。
It is appropriate that this review should appear in a volume dedicated to Mert Bernfield. Much of my interest in the cell biology of the extracellular matrix, particularly during development, echoes Mert's pioneering studies. His kind but provocative questioning during meetings is especially missed. The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan is ubiquitous, and is especially abundant during embryogenesis. Hydrated matrices rich in hyaluronan expand the extracellular space, facilitating cell migration. The viscoelastic properties of hyaluronan are also essential for proper function of cartilage and joints. Recent understanding of hyaluronan biology has benefited from the identification of genes encoding hyaluronan synthases and hyaluronidases, genetic analysis of the roles of hyaluronan during development, elucidation of the biochemical mechanisms of hyaluronan synthesis, and by studies of human genetics and tumors. This review focuses on recent studies utilizing hyaluronan-deficient, gene targeted mice with null alleles for the principal source of hyaluronan during mid-gestation, hyaluronan synthase-2 (has-2).