Postoperative Urinary Retention: I. Incidence and Predisposing Factors
Postoperative Urinary Retention: I. Incidence and Predisposing Factors
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术后尿潴留：一、发生率和诱发因素
DOI：
10.3109/00365598609024494
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
O. Lukkarinen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Tammela;M. Kontturi;O. Lukkarinen
在5220例手术患者中，198例（3.8%，包括4.7%的男性和2.9%的女性）发生术后全尿潴留。这种情况的发生率随着年龄的增长而增加，并且在开胸手术和髋关节内假体手术后最高。80%的患者排尿史异常。亚临床梗阻性膀胱功能障碍、手术期间和术后恢复室中膀胱过度膨胀、麻醉期间或之后的拟交感神经药和抗胆碱能药物以及术后无法站立或坐下是尿潴留的常见原因。术前用药、麻醉类型、液体性质和术后排尿似乎不影响尿潴留的发生率。术后尿潴留是一个被低估的，大多数是可以避免的并发症。每一个病人在做择期手术前都应询问病史。在进行任何其他选择性外科手术之前，应解除膀胱梗阻。在紧急手术的情况下，建议对有梗阻症状的患者进行预防性导尿，以防止术后尿潴留。
198 (3.8% comprising 4.7% of the males and 2.9% of the females) out of 5220 surgical patients developed total urinary retention postoperatively. The frequency of this condition increased with age and was highest after thoracotomies and endoprosthetic surgery of the hip joints. Voiding history was abnormal in 80% of the patients affected. Subclinical obstructive bladder dysfunction, over-distension of the bladder during the operation and in the recovery room after the operation, sympathomimetic and anticholinergic medication during or after anaesthesia, and an inability to stand or sit after surgery were common causes of retention. Premedication, type of anaesthesia, nature of the liquids given and postoperative analgetics seemed not to affect the incidence of retention. Postoperative urinary retention is an underestimated and mostly avoidable complication. Every patient should be asked for a urinary history before an elective operation. Infravesical obstruction should be relieved before any other elective surgical procedures are undertaken. In cases of emergency surgery prophylactic catheterization to prevent postoperative retention is recommended for patients with obstructive symptoms.