What Makes a Satisfied Immigrant? Host-Country Characteristics and Immigrants' Life Satisfaction in Eighteen European Countries
What Makes a Satisfied Immigrant? Host-Country Characteristics and Immigrants' Life Satisfaction in Eighteen European Countries
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DOI：
10.1007/s10902-017-9896-4
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Siegert, Manuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kogan, Irena;Shen, Jing;Siegert, Manuel
根据2002年至2012年期间从18个欧洲国家收集的六次欧洲社会调查的数据，我们旨在通过关注东道国的特点来解释各国移民生活满意度的差异。采用多层次分析法，从移民接纳氛围、公共产品提供程度和经济不平等程度三个方面考察了国家层面的特征。我们的研究结果表明，移民在提供更受欢迎的社会环境的国家可能会更满意。然而，只有当社会环境是由本地出生的移民的态度，而不是由法律的移民条例和政策来衡量时，这种关联才是重要的。当考虑到东道国能够提供公共产品的程度时，国家的财富水平似乎与移民的生活满意度无关，而国家的人类发展水平与移民的生活满意度的增加有关，尽管只有10%的显著性水平。经济不平等的作用因移民自身的社会经济地位而异。平均而言，移民对经济不平等程度较高的东道国的生活不太满意。然而，受过高等教育的移民往往不认为国家的经济不平等是他们满意的障碍。
Based on the data from six waves of the European Social Survey collected from 18 European countries between 2002 and 2012, we aimed at explaining the variation in immigrants' life satisfaction across countries, by focusing on host countries' characteristics. By adopting the multi-level analysis, we examined the national-level traits from three aspects: namely, the climate of immigrant reception, the extent of public goods provision and the level of economic inequality. Our findings suggest that immigrants are likely to be more satisfied in countries that offer more welcoming social settings. However, this association is significant only when the social setting is measured by attitudes of the native-born towards immigrants, rather than by legal immigration regulations and policies. When taking into account the extent to which host country is able to provide public goods, country's wealth levels seems not to matter for immigrants' life satisfaction, whereas countries' levels of human development is associated with an increase in immigrants' life satisfaction albeit only at the 10% significance level. The role of economic inequality varies with immigrants' own socio-economic statuses. On average, immigrants are less satisfied with their lives in host countries with higher levels of economic inequality. However, highly educated immigrants tend not to perceive economic inequality of the country as an obstacle of their satisfaction.