AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ORIGINS AND PHYSIOLOGY OF HAEMOCYTES IN BLUE BLOW-FLY CALLIPHORA ERYTHROCEPHALA (MEIG)
AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF ORIGINS AND PHYSIOLOGY OF HAEMOCYTES IN BLUE BLOW-FLY CALLIPHORA ERYTHROCEPHALA (MEIG)
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DOI：
10.1002/jez.1401570309
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发表时间：
1964-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
CROSSLEY, AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CROSSLEY, AC
使用相差显微镜描述了红头蓝丽蝇幼虫、蛹和早期成虫各个阶段中存在的血细胞。幼虫血细胞细胞质中存在脂质、复合碳水化合物和某些酶，特别是邻二酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶和酸性磷酸酶，提供了与相差形态学相关的类型的组织化学分离。测量了血细胞的吞噬潜力，并在所有吞噬细胞类型上注意到在相差照明下可见的细胞膜的丝状延伸。发现负责吞噬组织溶解前蛹组织的吞噬细胞具有强酸性磷酸酶活性，并且该酶显然与直径为3μ或更小的细胞质液泡相关。对预蛹吞噬细胞类型的初步电子显微镜研究揭示了至少 6 种类型的液泡，根据渗透压和精细结构进行区分。所有 6 种类型似乎都被单个光滑膜所包围。人们注意到其中一些液泡类型与小鼠肾脏中看到的蛋白质降解液泡以及 Novikoff (1961) 定义的溶酶体的相似性。通过观察到通常包含在细胞内的酸性磷酸酶活性通过卵磷脂酶处理被释放到血淋巴中，后一种相关性得到了加强。考虑了幼虫和成虫血细胞的起源。通过比较血细胞聚集的有丝分裂指数与循环血细胞的有丝分裂指数，获得了后气孔附近存在造血细胞团块的实验证据。发现后部造血细胞团的有丝分裂指数与实验性出血中失血的重量有关。有人认为，大多数幼虫血细胞在蛹期被分解，成虫血细胞可能源自腹部皮下组织细胞。
The haemo-cytes present in all stages of the larva, pupa, and early adult of the Blue Blow-fly Calliphora erythrocephala were described using the phase contrast microscope. The occurrence in the larval haemocyte cytoplasm of lipids, complex carbohydrates and certain enzymes, notably O-diphenol oxidase, peroxidase, and acid phosphatase, provided a histochemical separation of types which was related to phase contrast morphology. Haemocyte phagocytic potential was measured, and filamentous extensions of the cell membrane, visible in phase contrast illumination were noted on all phagocytic cell types. Phagocytes responsible for engulfment of histolysing prepupal tissues were found to possess strong acid phosphatase activity, and the enzyme was apparently associated with cyto-plasmic vacuoles 3 [mu] or less in diameter. Preliminary electron microscopical studies of the prepupal phagocytic type revealed at least 6 types of vacuole, distinguished on the basis of osmophilia and fine structure. All 6 types appeared to be bounded by single smooth membranes. Attention was drawn to the similarity of some of these vacuole types to protein degradation vacuoles seen in mouse kidney, and to lysosomes as defined by Novikoff (1961). The latter correlation is strengthened by the observation that acid phosphatase activity normally contained within the cells was released into the haemolymph by lecithinase treatment. The origins of larval and imaginal haemocytes were considered. Experimental evidence for a haemocytopoietic mass in the vicinity of the posterior spiracles was obtained by comparison of mitotic indices of accumulations of haemocytes with the mitotic index for circulating haemocytes. The mitotic index of the posterior haemocytopoietic mass was found to be related to the weight of blood lost in an experimental haemorrhage. It was suggested that most larval haemocytes were broken down during pupal life, and that imaginal haemocytes may arise from cells derived from abdominal hypodermal histoblasts.