Sex differences in phenotypic plasticity affect variation in sexual size dimorphism in insects: from physiology to evolution.
Sex differences in phenotypic plasticity affect variation in sexual size dimorphism in insects: from physiology to evolution.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-ento-112408-085500
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
23.8
通讯作者：
Fox CW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stillwell RC;Blanckenhorn WU;Teder T;Davidowitz G;Fox CW
几乎所有动物的雄性和雌性都有不同的身体大小，这种现象称为性别大小二态性（SSD）。SSD的程度和方向有很大的不同类群，包括种群内的物种。这种变化的相当一部分是由于性别差异的身体大小的可塑性。我们通过探索生长速率和发育时间可塑性的性别差异以及这些差异的生理调节（例如，内分泌系统调节的性别差异）。我们探讨适应性假说提出来解释性别差异的可塑性，包括那些预测，可塑性将是最低的强选择（自适应渠化）或最大的强定向选择（条件依赖）下的性状，但很少有研究已经测试了这些假设。结合联合收割机的近端和最终机制的研究为理解昆虫SSD的变异和体型可塑性的性别差异提供了很大的希望。
Males and females of nearly all animals differ in their body size, a phenomenon called sexual size dimorphism (SSD). The degree and direction of SSD vary considerably among taxa, including among populations within species. A considerable amount of this variation is due to sex differences in body size plasticity. We examine how variation in these sex differences is generated by exploring sex differences in plasticity in growth rate and development time and the physiological regulation of these differences (e.g., sex differences in regulation by the endocrine system). We explore adaptive hypotheses proposed to explain sex differences in plasticity, including those that predict that plasticity will be lowest for traits under strong selection (adaptive canalization) or greatest for traits under strong directional selection (condition dependence), but few studies have tested these hypotheses. Studies that combine proximate and ultimate mechanisms offer great promise for understanding variation in SSD and sex differences in body size plasticity in insects.