Impact of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the incidence of childhood pneumonia
Impact of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on the incidence of childhood pneumonia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0950268812002257
复制
发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Clark, J. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elemraid, M. A.;Rushton, S. P.;Clark, J. E.
2006年9月，7价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV 7）被加入英国免疫规划。我们的目的是评估PCV 7对儿童全因社区获得性肺炎（CAP）发病率的影响。2008-2009年在英格兰东北部的11家医院对0-16岁经放射学证实的肺炎儿童进行了一项前瞻性调查。将数据与2001-2002年在同一医院进行的类似调查的数据进行比较。共有542名儿童入组，其中74%的儿童年龄小于5岁。PCV 7摄取率为90.7%。肺炎的发生率为11.8/10000 [95%置信区间（CI）10.9-12.9]，住院率为9.9/10000（95% CI 9.0-10.9）。与2001年相比，5岁以下儿童的CAP发生率降低了19%（95%CI 8-29），2岁以下儿童的CAP发生率降低了33.1%（95%CI 20-45），住院率降低了38.1%（95%CI 24-50）。然而，对于那些年龄>= 5岁的未接种疫苗的人，两次调查的CAP发病率和住院率没有差异。自2001年以来，发病率总体下降17.7%（95% CI 8-26），住院率下降18.5%（95% CI 8-28）。对于< 5岁年龄组，接种PCV 7疫苗的儿童（25.2/10000，95% CI 22.6-28.2）的CAP发病率低于未接种疫苗的儿童（37.4/10000，95% CI 29.2-47.1）。总之，PCV 7降低了儿童肺炎的发病率和住院率，特别是在< 2岁年龄组中。
In September 2006, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was added to the UK immunization programme. We aimed to evaluate the impact of PCV7 on the incidence of all-cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. A prospective survey was undertaken in 2008-2009 at 11 hospitals in North East England of children aged 0-16 years with radiologically confirmed pneumonia. Data were compared to those from a similar survey undertaken in the same hospitals in 2001-2002. A total of 542 children were enrolled, of which 74% were aged < 5 years. PCV7 uptake was 90.7%. The incidence of pneumonia was 11.8/10000 [95% confidence interval (CI) 10.9-12.9], and the hospitalization rate was 9.9/10000 (95% CI 9.0-10.9). Compared to 2001, there was a 19% (95% CI 8-29) reduction in the rate of CAP in those aged < 5 years, and in those < 2 years a 33.1% (95% CI 20-45) reduction in the incidence of CAP and 38.1% (95% CI 24-50) reduction in hospitalization rates. However, for those unvaccinated aged >= 5 years, there was no difference in the incidence of CAP and hospitalization rate between both surveys. Since 2001, the overall reduction in incidence was 17.7% (95% CI 8-26) and for hospitalization 18.5% (95% CI 8-28). For the < 5 years age group there was a lower incidence of CAP in PCV7-vaccinated children (25.2/10000, 95% CI 22.6-28.2) than in those that were not vaccinated (37.4/10000, 95% CI 29.2-47.1). In conclusion, PCV7 has reduced both incidence and rate of hospitalization of pneumonia in children, particularly in the < 2 years age group.