Diversity and Function of Glial Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis.

Diversity and Function of Glial Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis.
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多发性硬化中胶质细胞类型的多样性和功能。

DOI:
10.1016/j.it.2021.01.005
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发表时间:
2021-03
影响因子:
16.8
通讯作者:
Calabresi PA
Calabresi PA
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schirmer L;Schafer DP;Bartels T;Rowitch DH;Calabresi PA

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神经胶质细胞亚型多样性是神经生物学和免疫介导的神经系统疾病(如多发性硬化症(MS))中的一个新兴课题。我们讨论了最近的概念和技术的进步,使更好地了解少突胶质细胞(OLs),星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的转录组和功能的异质性炎症脱髓鞘条件下。最近的单细胞转录组学研究表明,新的稳态和反应性胶质细胞亚型的发生,并提供深入了解疾病进展过程中的分子事件。多重RNA原位杂交已经能够将失调的基因表达“映射回”MS病变微环境中的胶质细胞亚型。这些发现表明,新的稳态和反应性胶质细胞类型的功能,无论是在免疫相关的过程和神经保护相关的理解MS的病理。
Glial subtype diversity is an emerging topic in neurobiology and immune-mediated neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We discuss recent conceptual and technological advances that allow a better understanding of the transcriptomic and functional heterogeneity of oligodendrocytes (OLs), astrocytes, and microglial cells under inflammatory–demyelinating conditions. Recent single cell transcriptomic studies suggest the occurrence of novel homeostatic and reactive glial subtypes and provide insight into the molecular events during disease progression. Multiplexed RNA in situ hybridization has enabled ‘mapping back’ dysregulated gene expression to glial subtypes within the MS lesion microenvironment. These findings suggest novel homeostatic and reactive glial cell type function both in immune-related processes and neuroprotection relevant to understanding the pathology of MS.
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