Experimental qualification of seismic strengthening of URM buildings in Nepal
Experimental qualification of seismic strengthening of URM buildings in Nepal
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尼泊尔URM建筑抗震加固试验资质
DOI：
10.1016/j.soildyn.2023.108130
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Aminulai H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aminulai H
尼泊尔建筑物通常使用无筋砌体（URM）作为横向承重系统。在 2015 年尼泊尔廓尔喀地震中，几座 URM 建筑遭受严重损坏。该国可用的经济资源有限，以及加固大量建筑物所面临的挑战，凸显了对低成本改造技术的需求。本文提出了一项大规模实验活动，旨在量化典型 URM 墙在用夹板和绷带加固时的抗震性能。这是尼泊尔最广泛使用的改造技术之一。根据尼泊尔材料测试确定的机械性能，使用 1:6 水泥砂浆建造了 5 × 3 m URM 墙。 URM 墙在双向坡道循环荷载下进行了测试。观察到与 URM 相关的典型裂纹模式。随后用 8 毫米钢筋作为夹板和绷带对墙壁进行了改造，并进行了失败测试。结果表明，改造后的墙体强度几乎是URM墙体的两倍。观察到的裂纹损坏从 EMS-98 2 级（砂浆层中出现水平和对角剪切裂纹）改善到 1 级（在渲染的夹板和绷带上出现细纹裂纹）。总体而言，该实验证明了这种针对传统尼泊尔 URM 建筑量身定制的实用、低成本改造技术的效率。这项工作可以为当地建筑行业的利益相关者提供建议，并作为提高尼泊尔 URM 建筑脆弱性功能可靠性的基准。
Nepalese buildings are typically constructed using unreinforced masonry (URM) as the lateral load-bearing system. In the 2015 Nepal Gorkha earthquake several URM buildings suffered heavy damage. The limited economic resources available in the country and the challenge of strengthening a large portfolio of buildings highlight the need for low-cost retrofitting techniques. This paper presents a large-scale experimental campaign aimed at quantifying the seismic performance of a typical URM wall when strengthened with splints and bandages. This represents one of the retrofit techniques that are most widely-used in Nepal. A 5 × 3 m URM wall was constructed using 1:6 cement–sand mortar as per the mechanical properties identified by material testing in Nepal. The URM wall was tested under a two-way ramp cyclic loading. Typical crack patterns associated with URM were observed. The wall was subsequently retrofitted with 8 mm rebars as splints and bandages and tested to failure. The results show that the strength of the retrofitted wall is almost twice that of the URM wall. The observed crack damage improved from EMS-98 Grade 2, with horizontal and diagonal shear cracks in the mortar bed, to Grade 1, with hairline cracks on the rendered splints and bandages. Overall, the experiment demonstrated the efficiency of this practical, low-cost retrofitting technique that is tailored to traditional Nepalese URM buildings. This work can be used to advise local stakeholders in the construction industry as well as to act as a benchmark to improve the reliability of fragility functions for URM buildings in Nepal.
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