Optogenetic Control of Microtubule Dynamics.

Optogenetic Control of Microtubule Dynamics.
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微管动力学的光遗传学控制。

DOI:
10.1007/978-1-0716-0219-5_14
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wittmann,Torsten
Wittmann,Torsten
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
vanHaren,Jeffrey;Adachi,LaurenS;Wittmann,Torsten

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可以以高的空间和时间精度控制光。因此,光遗传学是一种有吸引力的实验方法,可以在比遗传修饰快得多的时间尺度上调节细胞内细胞骨架动力学。例如,在哺乳动物细胞中,微管(MT)每分钟生长数十微米,并且许多细胞内MT功能由与生长的MT+末端动态缔合的+TIP蛋白质的复合物介导。EB 1是这个+TIP蛋白网络的核心组成部分,我们最近通过在EB 1 MT结合结构域和+TIP衔接结构域之间插入蓝光敏感的LOV 2/Zdk 1模块开发了光灭活的π-EB 1。蓝光诱导的π-EB 1光解离导致+TIP复合物分解,并强烈减弱哺乳动物细胞中MT的生长。在本章中,我们讨论了如何结合π-EB 1光解离进行高分辨率活细胞显微镜检查的理论和实践方面。然而,这些技术广泛适用于其他基于LOV 2的光遗传学,也可能适用于其他蓝光敏感的光遗传学。除了作为一种工具来研究+TIP功能急性和亚细胞分辨率,因为它在细胞内定位的戏剧性和快速的变化,π-EB 1可以作为一个强大的工具来测试和表征光遗传照明设置。我们描述了如何使用图案化照明实现π-EB 1活性的微米级细胞内控制的协议,并且我们介绍了一种与多孔板中的透射光显微镜兼容的DIY LED立方体设计。
Light can be controlled with high spatial and temporal accuracy. Therefore, optogenetics is an attractive experimental approach to modulate intracellular cytoskeleton dynamics at much faster timescales than by genetic modification. For example, in mammalian cells, microtubules (MTs) grow tens of micrometers per minute and many intracellular MT functions are mediated by a complex of +TIP proteins that dynamically associate with growing MT plus ends. EB1 is a central component of this +TIP protein network, and we recently developed a photo-inactivated π-EB1 by inserting a blue light-sensitive LOV2/Zdk1 module between the EB1 MT-binding domain and the +TIP adaptor domain. Blue light-induced π-EB1 photodissociation results in disassembly of the +TIP complex and strongly attenuates MT growth in mammalian cells.In this chapter, we discuss theoretical and practical aspects of how to perform high-resolution live-cell microscopy in combination with π-EB1 photodissociation. However, these techniques are broadly applicable to other LOV2-based and likely other blue light-sensitive optogenetics. In addition to being a tool to investigate +TIP functions acutely and with subcellular resolution, because of its dramatic and rapid change in intracellular localization, π-EB1 can serve as a powerful tool to test and characterize optogenetic illumination setups. We describe protocols on how to achieve micrometer-scale intracellular control of π-EB1 activity using patterned illumination, and we introduce a do-it-yourself LED cube design compatible with transmitted light microscopy in multiwell plates.
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