Relationship between the Phase Diagram, the Glass-Forming Ability, and the Fragility of a Water/Salt Mixture
Relationship between the Phase Diagram, the Glass-Forming Ability, and the Fragility of a Water/Salt Mixture
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DOI：
10.1021/jp203855c
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发表时间：
2011-12-08
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Tanaka, Hajime
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kobayashi, Mika;Tanaka, Hajime
众所周知，水是一种非常差的玻璃形成剂，这是食品和生物物质低温储存的一个显著缺点。这是水的特征之一，但它与水的热力学和动力学异常的联系仍然难以捉摸。最近，我们发现水/盐混合物的玻璃形成能力和脆性与其平衡相图密切相关[小林，M.; Tanaka，H.物理修订信函2011，106，125703]。在这里，我们提出了本地和全球秩序之间的挫折控制“的玻璃形成能力和脆弱性的实验证据的基础上。依靠盐和压力的相同作用，通常会打破四面体秩序，我们将这个想法应用于压力下的纯水。这种情况不仅解释了水、Si和Ge等水型液体的异常行为，而且还对平衡相图、玻璃形成能力和各种材料（包括氧化物、硫属化物和金属玻璃）的脆性之间的联系提供了一般性解释。
Water is known to be an exceptionally poor glass former, which is a significant drawback in the low-temperature storage of food and biomatter. This is one of the characteristic features of water, but its link to the thermodynamic and kinetic anomalies of water remains elusive. Recently, we showed that the glass-forming ability and the fragility of a water/salt mixture are closely related to its equilibrium phase diagram [Kobayashi, M.; Tanaka, H. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2011, 106, 125703]. Here we propose that frustration between local and global orderings controls both "the glass-forming ability and fragility on the basis of experimental evidence. Relying on the same role of salt and pressure, which commonly breaks tetrahedral order, we apply this idea to pure water under pressure. This scenario not only explains unusual behavior of water-type liquids such as water, Si, and Ge but also provides a general explanation on the link between the equilibrium phase diagram, the glass-forming ability, and the fragility of various materials including oxides, chalcogenides, and metallic glasses.