Short-term decreased physical activity with increased sedentary behaviour causes metabolic derangements and altered body composition: effects in individuals with and without a first-degree relative with type 2 diabetes
Short-term decreased physical activity with increased sedentary behaviour causes metabolic derangements and altered body composition: effects in individuals with and without a first-degree relative with type 2 diabetes
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DOI：
10.1007/s00125-018-4603-5
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Cuthbertson, Daniel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowden Davies, Kelly A.;Sprung, Victoria S.;Cuthbertson, Daniel J.
目的/假设低体力活动水平和久坐行为与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病相关。我们研究了短期减少体力活动并增加久坐行为对代谢谱和身体成分的影响，比较了2型糖尿病一级亲属（FDR+ve）与无一级亲属（FDR-ve）的个体的影响。（16名FDR+ve [10名女性，6名男性]和29名FDR-ve [18名女性，11名男性];年龄36 +/- 14岁）在基线、14天台阶减少后和14天恢复正常活动后进行评估。我们在每个时间点测定了体力活动（使用SenseWear臂章）、心肺适应性（O-2 peak）、身体成分（双能X射线吸收法/磁共振光谱法）和多器官胰岛素敏感性（OGTT）。采用两因素组间协方差分析进行统计学分析，数据表示为平均值+/- SD或（95%CI）。在减步阶段，平均每日步数减少了10，285步（95%CI 9389，11，182; p < 0.001），减少了81 +/-8%，从而增加了223分钟/天的久坐时间（151，295; p < 0.001）。汇总两组的数据，阶梯减量后，全身胰岛素敏感性（Matsuda指数）（p < 0.001）、肌肉胰岛素敏感性指数（p <0.001）、心肺适应性（p = 0.002）和下肢瘦体重（p = 0.004）显著降低。此外，在OGTT期间，总体脂肪（p < 0.001）、肝脏脂肪（p = 0.001）和LDL-胆固醇（p = 0.013）显著增加，NEFA AUC临界显著增加（p = 0.050）。四个显著的组间差异是明显的：在台阶减少后，FDR+ve参与者积累了1.5%的android脂肪（0.4，2.6; p = 0.008），三酰甘油增加了0.3 mmol/l（0.1，0.6; p = 0.044）。恢复正常活动后，FDR+ve参与者的剧烈活动量较低（p = 0.006），肌肉胰岛素敏感性较低（p = 0.023）。所有其他变化被逆转，没有显着的组间差异。结论/解释A短期减少体力活动增加久坐不动的行为导致可逆性减少多器官胰岛素敏感性和心肺功能，伴随着增加中央和肝脏脂肪和血脂异常。在FDR+ve和FDR-ve个体中，效果大致相似。促进体育活动的公共卫生建议应包括避免久坐行为的建议。
Aims/hypothesis Low physical activity levels and sedentary behaviour are associated with obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We investigated the effects of a short-term reduction in physical activity with increased sedentary behaviour on metabolic profiles and body composition, comparing the effects in individuals with first-degree relatives with type 2 diabetes (FDR+ve) vs those without (FDR-ve).Methods Forty-five habitually active participants (16 FDR+ve [10 female, 6 male] and 29 FDR-ve [18 female, 11 male]; age 36 +/- 14 years) were assessed at baseline, after 14 days of step reduction and 14 days after resuming normal activity. We determined physical activity (using a SenseWear armband), cardiorespiratory fitness (O-2peak), body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry/magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and multi-organ insulin sensitivity (OGTT) at each time point. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-factor between-groups ANCOVA, with data presented as mean +/- SD or (95% CI).Results There were no significant between-group differences in physical activity either at baseline or following step reduction. During the step-reduction phase, average daily step count decreased by 10,285 steps (95% CI 9389, 11,182; p < 0.001), a reduction of 81 +/- 8%, increasing sedentary time by 223 min/day (151, 295; p < 0.001). Pooling data from both groups, following step reduction there was a significant decrease in whole-body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) (p < 0.001), muscle insulin sensitivity index (p < 0.001), cardiorespiratory fitness (p = 0.002) and lower limb lean mass (p = 0.004). Further, there was a significant increase in total body fat (p < 0.001), liver fat (p = 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.013), with a borderline significant increase in NEFA AUC during the OGTT (p = 0.050). Four significant between-group differences were apparent: following step reduction, FDR+ve participants accumulated 1.5% more android fat (0.4, 2.6; p = 0.008) and increased triacylglycerol by 0.3 mmol/l (0.1, 0.6; p = 0.044). After resuming normal activity, FDR+ve participants engaged in lower amounts of vigorous activity (p = 0.006) and had lower muscle insulin sensitivity (p = 0.023). All other changes were reversed with no significant between-group differences.Conclusions/interpretation A short-term reduction in physical activity with increased sedentary behaviour leads to a reversible reduction in multi-organ insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness, with concomitant increases in central and liver fat and dyslipidaemia. The effects are broadly similar in FDR+ve and FDR-ve individuals. Public health recommendations promoting physical activity should incorporate advice to avoid periods of sedentary behaviour.