Fine-Grained Bandwidth Adaptivity in Networks-on-Chip Using Bidirectional Channels
Fine-Grained Bandwidth Adaptivity in Networks-on-Chip Using Bidirectional Channels
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DOI：
10.1109/nocs.2012.23
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发表时间：
2012-05
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Hesse;J. Nicholls;Natalie D. Enright Jerger
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文献类型：
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作者：
R. Hesse;J. Nicholls;Natalie D. Enright Jerger
片上的网络（NOC）是多核体系结构的高效且可扩展的通信基板。当前，NOC中提供的带宽已为其典型使用情况提供了过度。在现实世界中，平均使用不到5％的渠道。在高峰沟通需求期间，大型带宽资源可使网络延迟保持较低。通过较窄的渠道增加频道利用率可以提高NOC在区域和功率方面的效率，但是，在当前的NOC体系结构中，这会降低整体系统性能。基于对实际工作负载的动态行为的彻底分析，我们设计了一种新型的NOC体系结构，可适应不断变化的应用程序需求。我们的体系结构使用细粒度的带宽自适应双向通道来改善通道利用率，而不会对网络延迟产生负面影响。在周期级的全系统模拟器上运行PARSEC基准测试，我们表明，与基线网络相比，高颗粒的带宽适应性可以节省多达75％的渠道资源，而达到92％的整体系统性能，在我们的基线网络中没有牺牲性能。网络设计配置了基线中使用的50％的通道资源。
Networks-on-Chip (NoC) serve as efficient and scalable communication substrates for many-core architectures. Currently, the bandwidth provided in NoCs is over provisioned for their typical usage case. In real-world multi-core applications, less than 5% of channels are utilized on average. Large bandwidth resources serve to keep network latency low during periods of peak communication demands. Increasing the average channel utilization through narrower channels could improve the efficiency of NoCs in terms of area and power, however, in current NoC architectures this degrades overall system performance. Based on thorough analysis of the dynamic behaviour of real workloads, we design a novel NoC architecture that adapts to changing application demands. Our architecture uses fine-grained bandwidth-adaptive bidirectional channels to improve channel utilization without negatively affecting network latency. Running PARSEC benchmarks on a cycle-accurate full-system simulator, we show that fine-grained bandwidth adaptivity can save up to 75% of channel resources while achieving 92% of overall system performance compared to the baseline network, no performance is sacrificed in our network design configured with 50% of the channel resources used in the baseline.