Unique Turbinal Morphology in Horseshoe Bats (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae)
Unique Turbinal Morphology in Horseshoe Bats (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae)
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.23516
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Simmons, Nancy B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Curtis, Abigail A.;Simmons, Nancy B.
哺乳动物的鼻窝包含一组精致且结构复杂的骨头，称为鼻甲。鼻甲和相关粘膜的功能包括调节呼吸热量和水分的流失，增加嗅觉组织的表面积，以及引导鼻窝内的气流。我们使用高分辨率ct机扫描调查一个独特maxilloturbinal形态在37个物种从蝙蝠家族菊头蝠科,我们与家庭Hipposideridae相比,假吸血蝠科,狐。鼻虫沿鼻咽道表现出许多结构变化，这些变化与通过鼻孔发射高占空比回声定位呼叫有关。在鼻类动物中，我们发现上颌鼻和一部分鼻甲在鼻腔两侧形成一对股状骨结构。这些结构从横板向前突出，完成一个发夹转，向后突出鼻咽管，不同物种的长度不同。在我们的外群中没有观察到鼻科的股状上颌鼻甲，它代表了这个科的一种突触形态，在哺乳动物中是独特的。在鼻科中，颌鼻大小和横切面形状与系统发育相关。我们假设，线状上颌涡轮机可能具有减少呼吸热量和水分损失的功能，而不会对回声定位呼叫传输产生很大影响，因为它们为热量和水分交换提供了更多的粘膜表面积，但占用的空间很小。或者，它们可能在回声定位呼叫的传输中发挥作用，因为它们直接位于呼叫发射期间喉部和鼻孔之间声音传播的路径上。中国生物医学工程学报，2017,30(3):309-325。(c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.；
The mammalian nasal fossa contains a set of delicate and often structurally complex bones called turbinals. Turbinals and associated mucosae function in regulating respiratory heat and water loss, increasing surface area for olfactory tissue, and directing airflow within the nasal fossa. We used high-resolution micro-CT scanning to investigate a unique maxilloturbinal morphology in 37 species from the bat family Rhinolophidae, which we compared with those of families Hipposideridae, Megadermatidae, and Pteropodidae. Rhinolophids exhibit numerous structural modifications along the nasopharyngeal tract associated with emission of high duty cycle echolocation calls via the nostrils. In rhinolophids, we found that the maxilloturbinals and a portion of ethmoturbinal I form a pair of strand-like bony structures on each side of the nasal chamber. These structures project anteriorly from the transverse lamina and complete a hairpin turn to project posteriorly down the nasopharyngeal duct, and vary in length among species. The strand-like maxilloturbinals in Rhinolophidae were not observed in our outgroups and represent a synapomorphy for this family, and are unique in form among mammals. Within Rhinolophidae, maxilloturbinal size and cross-sectional shape were correlated with phylogeny. We hypothesize that strand-shaped maxilloturbinals may function to reduce respiratory heat and water loss without greatly impacting echolocation call transmission since they provide increased mucosal surface area for heat and moisture exchange but occupy minimal space. Alternatively, they may play a role in transmission of echolocation calls since they are located directly along the path sound travels between the larynx and nostrils during call emission. Anat Rec, 300:309-325, 2017. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.