The Neuropsychology of Proper Names
The Neuropsychology of Proper Names
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0017.2009.01366.x
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Semenza, Carlo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Semenza, Carlo
普通名和专名之间的区别似乎源于专名的特定语义特征。特别是，专有名称指的是特定的个体实体或事件，与普通名称不同，专有名称很少映射到更一般的语义特征（属性，概念，类别）。这一事实使得专名与其指称的联系特别脆弱。因此，处理专有名词似乎需要特殊的认知和神经资源。神经心理学的研究结果表明，专名和普通名遵循功能不同的加工途径。这些通路在神经上是不同的，并且对局灶性或全身性脑损伤、随着年龄的增长或缺乏有机资源的认知变化具有不同的敏感性。根据具体任务，他们的确切位置仍然部分未知。
The difference between common and proper names seems to derive from specific semantic characteristics of proper names. In particular, proper names refer to specific individual entities or events, and unlike common names, rarely map onto more general semantic characteristics (attributes, concepts, categories). This fact makes the link proper names have with their reference particularly fragile. Processing proper names seems, as a consequence, to require special cognitive and neural resources. Neuropsychological findings show that proper names and common names follow functionally distinct processing pathways. These pathways are neurally distinct and differently sensitive to focal or generalized brain damage, cognitive changes with age or lack of organic resources. Their precise location, depending on specific tasks, is still partly unknown.