Urban governance and spatial transformation ambitions in Johannesburg
Urban governance and spatial transformation ambitions in Johannesburg
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约翰内斯堡的城市治理和空间转型雄心
DOI：
10.1080/07352166.2017.1305807
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
E. Pieterse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Pieterse
摘要：随着联合国于 2015 年 9 月通过可持续发展目标，城市治理已成为人们关注的焦点。17 个目标中的许多目标都假定强有力的城市政府拥有必要的权力和财政能力来重组区域经济的运作，从而建立向更可持续社会的过渡路径。南非，尤其是约翰内斯堡的大都市政府，正是对此类地方政府的一个有启发性的案例研究。随着 20 世纪 90 年代中期民主的出现，南非采用了影响最深远的权力下放制度之一，并在 1996 年宪法中规定了地方政府自治权以及一体化大都市政府的规定。值得注意的是，这些当局拥有权力和财政资源来应对城市中存在冲突和无法解决的分歧，这是数十年压迫性种族政府不可避免的结果。本文探讨了南非和约翰内斯堡民主分权改革的历史，着眼于分析约翰内斯堡市政府“自由走廊”旗舰倡议的意义。这项活动为南非大都市最新一代的战略规划和优先事项提供了批判性的视角。
ABSTRACT Urban governance has been thrust into the spotlight in the wake of the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations in September 2015. A number of the 17 goals assume strong urban governments with the requisite powers and financial capacities to restructure the functioning of regional economies so as to establish transition pathways toward more sustainable societies. South Africa, and Johannesburg’s metropolitan government in particular, represents an instructive case study of precisely this kind of local government. South Africa adopted one of the most far-reaching systems of decentralization with the advent of democracy in the mid-1990s and enshrined local government autonomy within the constitution of 1996 along with the provision for integrated metropolitan governments. Significantly, these authorities have the powers and fiscal resources to confront conflictual and irresolvable differences in the city, which are inevitable outcomes from decades of oppressive racial government. The article explores the history of democratic decentralization reforms in South Africa and Johannesburg with an eye on analyzing the significance of the Corridors of Freedom flagship initiative of the Johannesburg metropolitan government. This exercise affords a critical perspective on the latest generation of strategic planning and prioritization in metropolitan South Africa.