Simultaneous versus prospective/retrospective uncertainty monitoring: The effect of response competition across cognitive levels.
Simultaneous versus prospective/retrospective uncertainty monitoring: The effect of response competition across cognitive levels.
复制标题
同时与前瞻性/回顾性不确定性监测：跨认知水平的反应竞争的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/xan0000207
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith, J. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Church, Barbara A.;Jackson, Brooke N.;Beran, Michael J.;Smith, J. David
早期的动物元认知研究者选择同时元认知范式作为理论批评的对象，因为这些范式具体地同时表现了对知觉反应和元认知反应的奖励。这种方法可能会在情境中引入联想线索，从而混淆元认知反应的解释。为了评估这种可能性，我们比较了人类在同时和非同时（前瞻性、回顾性）范式下的元认知表现，这些范式在其他方面是相同的。结果表明，这些任务中的元认知反应并不是由同时任务格式产生的联想线索所提示的。相反，当元认知反应与初级知觉反应的直接竞争被移除时，元认知反应的使用更加稳健和准确。因此，早期研究者的判断是正确的，即非同时范式对元认知的挖掘更为稳健和敏感。然而，这可能是正确的，因为同时范式混合了在两个不同的认知处理水平上判断的反应。在这种情况下，元认知反应可以被主要的、具体的奖励知觉反应的显著存在所取代和抑制。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2019 APA，版权所有）
Early animal-metacognition researchers singled out simultaneous metacognition paradigms for theoretical criticism, because these paradigms presented concretely rewarded perceptual responses and the metacognitive response simultaneously. This method potentially introduced associative cues into the situation that could confound the interpretation of the metacognitive response. Evaluating this possibility, we compared humans’ metacognitive performances in simultaneous and nonsimultaneous (prospective, retrospective) paradigms that were otherwise identical. Results show that the metacognition response in these tasks is not prompted by associative cues arising from the simultaneous task format. To the contrary, the metacognitive response is used more robustly and accurately when it is removed from direct competition with the primary perceptual responses. Thus, early researchers were correct to judge that the nonsimultaneous paradigms tap metacognition more robustly and sensitively. However, this is probably true because the simultaneous paradigm mingles responses adjudicated on two different cognitive-processing levels. And, in that case, the metacognitive response can be outcompeted and suppressed by the salient presence of primary, concretely rewarded perceptual responses.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)