Reference and Information Services in the 21st Century: An Introduction. 2nd ed
Reference and Information Services in the 21st Century: An Introduction. 2nd ed
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21 世纪的参考和信息服务：简介。
DOI：
10.3163/1536-5050.98.3.019
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
S. Cantrell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Cantrell
《21世纪世纪的参考与信息服务：导论》第二版在第一版的基础上进行了更新和扩展，并继续为读者提供现实世界的实践基础。在这个新版本中，编辑Kay Ann Cassell和Uma Hiremath通过包括一个关于参考2.0工具的全新章节来解释参考服务不断变化的性质。他们还彻底更新了书中的章节，删除了一些来源并包括新的来源。由大学教育工作者和从业者的编辑咨询委员会指导，这本书熟练地结合了实用元素和指导原则，它肯定是有用的学生和新手和经验丰富的参考专业人士寻求一个核心参考文本，以及教育工作者在图书馆和信息研究领域。
本书分为四个主要部分：基本概念、主要参考资料来源介绍、参考咨询和信息工作专题、参考咨询馆藏和服务的发展与管理。第一部分包括几章，向读者介绍参考咨询和信息服务的基础知识，参考访谈，以及找到答案的基本搜索技术。第二部分包括回答各种问题的章节，从需要方便的事实的问题到关于事件和问题的问题，并与最适合手头问题的来源配对。第三部分包括关于何时以及如何使用互联网作为参考工具，读者的咨询工作，儿童和年轻人的参考工作，以及参考部门的信息素养的章节。第四部分包括参考资料的选择和评价、参考部门的管理、参考服务的评估和改进、参考2.0以及信息服务的未来等章节。这一版本还增加了一个附录，包括参考和用户服务协会的优秀参考资源，从2005年至2009年。此外，将努力使这本书保持最新，因为作者将向出版商主办的配套网站提供信息。本网页将介绍每章的新阅读资料、所描述的参考工具的变化信息以及出版后沿着出现的重要新工具。
这本书的优点之一是它是建立在现实世界的实践基础上的。参考2.0的最新章节也不例外，它向读者介绍了Web 2.0工具及其在图书馆中的实际应用。虽然参考咨询的目标是永恒的（“即用户的满意度”），但作者解释说，Web 2.0工具为参考咨询服务增加了一个新的维度。特别是，参考咨询专业人员必须承认用户期望的变化：主要是，用户开始期望他们收到的信息是个性化的，“以便用户需求的独特性得到承认和满足”。本章解释了“参考2.0”的含义，即协作（例如，经由维基、博客、大众分类等的合作内容创建），社交网络（例如，通过Facebook的参考外展）、定制（例如真正简单的聚合[RSS]提要）和无缝（例如，经由即时消息传递的多格式参考）。最重要的是，参考文献2.0章节继续深入研究协作内容创建的具体、真实的示例，例如参考文献wiki和博客;参考文献大众分类法，例如图书馆使用Delicious;社交网络;定制，例如搜索小部件、参考文献RSS提要和mashup;以及无缝，例如移动的参考文献。作者认识到，这种技术中的一些可能不会持久，很容易被“闪亮的新玩具”的闪光所吸引。然而，他们强调，不可能假装它没有发生，而且参考专业人员“与可用的工具库亲密接触”是一种良好的行为。
这本书是强烈推荐给所有寻求核心参考服务文本的个人。它不仅对学生和新的参考馆员有用，而且对经验丰富的参考馆员也很有用，可以了解最新的工具和资源。
The second edition of Reference and Information Services in the 21st Century: An Introduction updates and expands on the excellent foundation provided in the first edition and continues to ground the reader in real-world practices. In this new edition, editors Kay Ann Cassell and Uma Hiremath account for the changing nature of reference services by including an entirely new chapter on Reference 2.0 tools. They have also thoroughly updated the book's chapters, weeding some sources and including new ones. Guided by an editorial advisory board of university educators and practitioners, this text expertly combines both practical elements and guiding principles, and it is sure to be useful to students and novice and experienced reference professionals seeking a core reference text, as well as educators in the field of library and information studies.
The book is arranged into four major parts: fundamental concepts, an introduction to major reference sources, special topics in reference and information work, and development and management of reference collections and services. Part I includes chapters that introduce the reader to the basics of reference and information services, the reference interview, and basic search techniques to find the answer. Part II includes chapters on answering a variety of questions—from questions that require handy facts to questions about events and issues—and pairs that with the sources that would best accommodate the question at hand. Part III includes chapters on when and how to use the Internet as a reference tool, reader's advisory work, reference work with children and young adults, and information literacy in the reference department. Part IV includes chapters on selection and evaluation of reference materials, management of reference departments, assessment and improvement of reference services, Reference 2.0, and the future of information services. This edition has also added an appendix that includes the Reference and User Services Association's Outstanding Reference Resources from 2005 to 2009. Additionally, efforts will be made to keep the book up-to-date, as the authors will supply information to a companion website, hosted by the publisher. This web page will feature new readings for each chapter and information about changes in the reference tools described as well as important new tools that may come along post publication.
One of the strengths of this book is that it is grounded in real-world practices. The newest chapter on Reference 2.0 is no exception as it introduces the reader to Web 2.0 tools and their practical application in libraries. While the goal of reference is timeless (“namely, the satisfaction of the user”), the authors explain that Web 2.0 tools have added a new dimension to reference services. In particular, the reference professional must acknowledge a change in users' expectations: chiefly, that users have come to expect that the information they receive has been individually tailored, “so that the uniqueness of the users' needs are both acknowledged and satisfied.” The chapter explains what is meant by “Reference 2.0,” namely, collaboration (e.g., cooperative content creation via wikis, blogs, folksonomies, etc.), social networking (e.g., reference outreach via Facebook), customization (e.g. really simple syndication [RSS] feeds), and seamlessness (e.g., multi-format reference via instant messaging). Most importantly, the Reference 2.0 chapter proceeds to delve into specific, real-world examples of collaborative content creation, such as reference wikis and blogs; reference folksonomies, such as libraries' use of Delicious; social networking; customization, such as search widgets, reference RSS feeds, and mashups; and seamlessness, such as mobile reference. The authors recognize that some of this technology may not last and that it is easy to get caught up in the glitter of “shiny new toys.” However, they emphasize that it is not possible to pretend that it is not happening and that it is good behavior for the reference professional to get “intimate with the arsenal of tools available.”
This book is highly recommended for all individuals seeking a core reference services text. It will be useful not only for students and new reference librarians, but also for seasoned reference librarians to be aware of the latest tools and resources.