Y eat?
Y eat?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nut.2008.06.007
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Colmers, William F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chee, Melissa J. S.;Colmers, William F.
进食行为受到下丘脑内肽能传递的严格调节。神经肽 Y (NPY) 是已知最有效的食物摄入刺激剂之一，对下丘脑进食神经元网络具有强大的影响。大量文献记录了 NPY 对进食行为的重大影响。然而，NPY 作用的细胞机制直到最近才开始被探索。 NPYergic 信号，包括其在下丘脑神经元中的表达、其释放到突触空间以及其直接或间接受体介导的作用，对代谢状态的降低高度敏感。当能量水平较低时，例如在食物匮乏之后，促食欲 NPY 信号可以抑制促食欲驱动，以恢复能量平衡稳态。 NPY 信号与到达下丘脑的葡萄糖和脂肪敏感信号相互作用，并影响厌食途径的变化，例如由黑皮质素介导的途径。最近应用电生理学方法来检查 NPY 介导的信号传导所涉及的神经元活动和通路，增进了我们对这种食欲生成系统的理解。此外，通过这些方法已经确定了 NPY 通路在下丘脑喂养回路发育中的关键作用。促进食欲的 NPY 信号在发育过程中至关重要，其缺失对于成年人来说是致命的，因此反映了 NPY 在调节能量稳态中的重要作用。 (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Feeding behavior is tightly regulated by peptidergic transmission within the hypothalamus. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most potent known stimulators of food intake and has robust effects on the hypothalamic feeding neuronal networks. A vast body of literature has documented the substantial effects of NPY on feeding behavior. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying the actions of NPY have only recently begun to be explored. The NPYergic signal, including its expression in hypothalamic neurons, its release into the synaptic space, and its direct or indirect receptor-mediated actions, is highly responsive to decreases in the metabolic state. The orexigenic NPY signal can suppress the anorexigenic drive to restore energy balance homeostasis when energy levels are low, such as after food deprivation. The NPY signal interacts with glucose- and fat-sensitive signals arriving in the hypothalamus and effects changes in anorexigenic pathways, such as those mediated by the melanocortins. Recent applications of electrophysiological methods to examine the neuronal activity and pathways engaged by NPY-mediated signaling have advanced our understanding of this orexigenic system. Furthermore, crucial roles for NPY pathways in the development of hypothalamic feeding circuitry have been identified by these means. Orexigenic NPY signaling is critical during development and its absence is lethal in adults, thus reflecting the essential role of NPY for the regulation of energy homeostasis. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.