Granzyme K activates protease-activated receptor-1.

Granzyme K activates protease-activated receptor-1.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0021484
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Granville DJ
Granville DJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cooper DM;Pechkovsky DV;Hackett TL;Knight DA;Granville DJ

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粒酶 K (GrK) 是一种类似胰蛋白酶的丝氨酸蛋白酶,在败血症和急性肺部炎症患者中其含量升高。虽然 GrK 最初被认为仅作为促凋亡蛋白酶起作用,但最近的研究表明 GrK 可能具有其他非细胞毒性功能。在急性肺部炎症的背景下,我们假设 GrK 通过激活蛋白酶激活受体来诱导促炎细胞因子释放。使用培养的人肺成纤维细胞评估细胞外 GrK 对 PAR 激活、细胞内信号传导和细胞因子的直接影响。细胞外 GrK 以剂量和时间依赖性方式诱导肺成纤维细胞分泌 IL-6、IL-8 和 MCP-1。热灭活的 GrK 不会诱导细胞因子释放,表明需要蛋白酶活性。此外,GrK 诱导 ERK1/2 和 p38 MAP 激酶信号通路的激活,并显着增加成纤维细胞增殖。 ERK1/2 的抑制消除了 GrK 介导的细胞因子释放。通过使用 PAR-1 和 PAR-2 中和抗体,确定 PAR-1 对于 GrK 诱导的 IL-6、IL-8 和 MCP-1 释放至关重要。总之,细胞外GrK能够激活PAR-1并诱导成纤维细胞细胞因子的分泌和增殖。
Granzyme K (GrK) is a trypsin-like serine protease that is elevated in patients with sepsis and acute lung inflammation. While GrK was originally believed to function exclusively as a pro-apoptotic protease, recent studies now suggest that GrK may possess other non-cytotoxic functions. In the context of acute lung inflammation, we hypothesized that GrK induces pro-inflammatory cytokine release through the activation of protease-activated receptors. The direct effect of extracellular GrK on PAR activation, intracellular signaling and cytokine was assessed using cultured human lung fibroblasts. Extracellular GrK induced secretion of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner in lung fibroblasts. Heat-inactivated GrK did not induce cytokine release indicating that protease activity is required. Furthermore, GrK induced activation of both the ERK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase signaling pathways, and significantly increased fibroblast proliferation. Inhibition of ERK1/2 abrogated the GrK-mediated cytokine release. Through the use of PAR-1 and PAR-2 neutralizing antibodies, it was determined that PAR-1 is essential for GrK-induced IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 release. In summary, extracellular GrK is capable of activating PAR-1 and inducing fibroblast cytokine secretion and proliferation.
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