Survey on synchronization mechanisms in machine-to-machine systems
Survey on synchronization mechanisms in machine-to-machine systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.engappai.2015.07.007
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Nymoen, Kristian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bojic, Iva;Nymoen, Kristian
人们总是试图理解自然现象。在计算机科学中，自然现象大多被用作解决分布式系统中各种问题的灵感来源，如优化，聚类和数据处理。本文综述了在计算机科学领域中利用自然界中的萤火虫作为时间同步模型的研究进展。我们将比较两种振荡器模型，它们解释萤火虫同步沿着自然界中的其他同步现象（例如，心脏起搏器细胞的同步和昼夜节律起搏器的神经元网络的同步）。之后，我们将介绍Mirollo和Strogatz的脉冲耦合振荡器模型及其局限性。正如模型的作者所讨论的那样，这个模型缺乏对振荡器不相同时会发生什么的解释。它也不支持移动的和故障振荡器。最后，它没有考虑在振荡器之间的通信中存在通信延迟。由于这些局限性阻止Mirollo和Strogatz的模型被用于现实世界的环境（如机器对机器系统），我们将总结相关的工作，学者们研究如何修改模型，以使其适用于分布式系统。然而，人们必须记住，理论上的数学模型与实际应用之间通常存在很大差异。因此，我们给出了一个概述的数学模型和分布式系统中的机制，设计后，他们。(C)2015爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
People have always tried to understand natural phenomena. In computer science natural phenomena are mostly used as a source of inspiration for solving various problems in distributed systems such as optimization, clustering, and data processing. In this paper we will give an overview of research in field of computer science where fireflies in nature are used as role models for time synchronization. We will compare two models of oscillators that explain firefly synchronization along with other phenomena of synchrony in nature (e.g., synchronization of pacemaker cells of the heart and synchronization of neuron networks of the circadian pacemaker). Afterwards, we will present Mirollo and Strogatz's pulse coupled oscillator model together with its limitations. As discussed by the authors of the model, this model lacks of explanation what happens when oscillators are nonidentical. It also does not support mobile and faulty oscillators. Finally, it does not take into consideration that in communication among oscillators there are communication delays. Since these limitations prevent Mirollo and Strogatz's model to be used in real-world environments (such as Machine-to-Machine systems), we will sum up related work in which scholars investigated how to modify the model in order for it to be applicable in distributed systems. However, one has to bear in mind that there are usually large differences between mathematical models in theory and their implementation in practice. Therefore, we give an overview of both mathematical models and mechanisms in distributed systems that were designed after them. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.