Rapid plasticity of human cortical movement representation induced by practice
Rapid plasticity of human cortical movement representation induced by practice
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1998.79.2.1117
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发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Cohen, LG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Classen, J;Liepert, J;Cohen, LG
通过复杂动作的持续表现获得运动技能的过程与神经可塑性有关。然而，即使是简单的动作，在短时间内重复，是否有效地诱导皮层表征变化，这是未知的。运动皮层是否能够保留最近练习的运动的特定运动学方面也是未知的。我们使用局灶性经颅磁刺激（TMS）的运动皮层唤起孤立的和方向一致的拇指运动。拇指的运动方向则不同。随后，经颅磁刺激唤起的动作在最近练习的方向上或附近持续几分钟，然后回到原来的方向。为了改变tms诱发的运动方向，大多数受试者需要15或30分钟的连续训练，有两种情况只需要5或10分钟。经颅电刺激对皮质轴突进行更直接的刺激后，效果要小得多，这表明皮质是可塑性的部位。这些发现表明，训练迅速而短暂地在代表拇指的皮质网络中建立了变化，该网络编码了练习运动的运动学细节。这种现象可以看作是运动的短期记忆，是技能习得的第一步。
The process of acquiring motor skills through the sustained performance of complex movements is associated with neural plasticity. However, it is unknown whether even simple movements, repeated over a short period of time, are effective in inducing cortical representational changes. Whether the motor cortex can retain specific kinematic aspects of a recently practiced movement is also unknown. We used focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex to evoke isolated and directionally consistent thumb movements. Thumb movements then were practiced in a different direction. Subsequently, TMS came to evoke movements in or near the recently practiced direction for several minutes before returning to the original direction. To initiate a change of the TMS-evoked movement direction, 15 or 30 min of continuous training were required in most cf the subjects and, on two occasions, as little as 5 or 10 min. Substantially smaller effects followed more direct stimulation of corticofugal axons with transcranial electrical stimulation, pointing to cortex as che site of plasticity. These findings suggest that the training rapidly, and transiently, established a change in the cortical network representing the thumb, which encoded kinematic details of the practiced movement. This phenomenon may be regarded as a short-term memory for movement and be the first step of skill acquisition.