Ramsey Interference with Single Photons
Ramsey Interference with Single Photons
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.117.223601
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发表时间：
2016-11-23
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Gaeta, Alexander L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clemmen, Stephane;Farsi, Alessandro;Gaeta, Alexander L.
使用核、原子或分子系统的离散能级的干涉测量是各种物理现象的基础，并支持核磁共振、电子自旋共振、基于拉姆齐的光谱以及激光或脉泽技术等强大的技术。它在量子信息处理中也发挥着独特的作用，因为量子位可以实现为简单量子系统的能量叠加态。在这里，我们演示了涉及单个光量子能态的量子干涉。与原子或核自旋的能级完全类比，我们实现了单光子拉姆齐干涉仪。我们通过实验生成单个光子的能量叠加态，并通过幺正变换操纵它们以实现任意投影测量。我们的方法为量子信息处理和量子通信中的频率编码光子量子位开辟了道路。
Interferometry using discrete energy levels of nuclear, atomic, or molecular systems is the foundation for a wide range of physical phenomena and enables powerful techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance, Ramsey-based spectroscopy, and laser or maser technology. It also plays a unique role in quantum information processing as qubits may be implemented as energy superposition states of simple quantum systems. Here, we demonstrate quantum interference involving energy states of single quanta of light. In full analogy to the energy levels of atoms or nuclear spins, we implement a Ramsey interferometer with single photons. We experimentally generate energy superposition states of a single photon and manipulate them with unitary transformations to realize arbitrary projective measurements. Our approach opens the path for frequency-encoded photonic qubits in quantum information processing and quantum communication.