Potential Impacts of Lightning Flash Observations on Numerical Weather Prediction With Explicit Lightning Processes

Potential Impacts of Lightning Flash Observations on Numerical Weather Prediction With Explicit Lightning Processes
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闪电观测对明确闪电过程数值天气预报的潜在影响

DOI:
10.1029/2021jd034611
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Miyoshi Takemasa
Miyoshi Takemasa
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Honda Takumi;Sato Yousuke;Miyoshi Takemasa

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虽然存在各种各样的闪电观测平台,但闪电观测尚未充分用于数值天气预报(NWP),这主要是由于与建模闪电过程相关的复杂性。在这里,我们调查了潜在的影响,闪电观测使用集合卡尔曼滤波器(EnKF)与NWP模式,包括明确的闪电过程。EnKF包括闪电和大气状态之间的流量相关误差协方差。对一个理想对流个例进行了观测系统模拟实验。与各种观测结果的相关性表明,闪电在云顶以下提供了有价值的信息,由于砧云的存在,卫星红外辐射不能很好地观察。此外,一个单步数据同化实验表明,闪电对风、水凝物和电荷的分析和预测有积极影响。结果表明,闪电是潜在的有用的EnKF与NWP模式,包括明确的闪电过程。
Although various lightning observation platforms exist, lightning flash observations have not been fully utilized for numerical weather prediction (NWP), mainly due to complications related to modeling lightning processes. Herein, we investigated the potential impacts of lightning observations using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) with an NWP model, including explicit lightning processes. The EnKF included flow‐dependent error covariances between lightning flashes and the atmospheric state. Observing system simulation experiments were performed for an idealized convective case. Ensemble‐based correlations with various observations indicated that lightning flashes provide valuable information below cloud tops where satellite infrared radiances cannot observe well due to the presence of anvil clouds. Moreover, a single‐step data assimilation experiment showed that lightning flashes positively impact the analysis and forecast of wind, hydrometeors, and electric charge. The results revealed that lightning flashes are potentially useful for an EnKF with an NWP model including explicit lightning processes.
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