The present situation and future prospects of studies on horse cognition
The present situation and future prospects of studies on horse cognition
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DOI：
10.2502/janip.61.2.2
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fujita, Kazuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takimoto, Ayaka;Hori, Yusuke;Fujita, Kazuo
马 (Equus caballus) 与人类共同生活了 5500 多年。尽管如此，与狗相比，它们的认知能力并没有受到太多研究关注，可能是因为马不像狗那样被人类熟悉，并且被认为难以测试。然而，最近的研究揭示了它们对同种人和人类的复杂社会认知能力。在本文中，我们首先描述马感知和马社交性的基本特征。然后，我们回顾了马的学习和认知能力，特别是同种动物之间以及马与人的关系中表现出的社会认知能力。几项研究提供的证据表明，马对人类给出的暗示和注意力状态具有敏感性。未来的研究应该调查马的认知的个体发育和影响的影响，包括训练历史和与人类的接触，并可能测试这种认知如何得到遗传学的支持。
Horses (Equus caballus) have lived with humans for over 5500 years. Despite this, their cognitive abilities have not received much research attention compared with those of dogs (Canis familiaris), probably because horses are not as familiar to humans as dogs and have been considered to be difficult to test. Recent studies, however, have revealed their sophisticated social cognitive abilities with regard to both conspecifics and humans. In this paper we first describe fundamental characteristics of horse perception and horse sociality. Then, we review horses' learning and cognitive abilities, especially social cognitive abilities shown among conspecifics and in the horse-human relationship. Several studies have provided evidence that horses possess sensitivity to human-given cues and attentional states. Future studies should investigate ontogeny of horses' cognition and the influence of effects including training history and the exposure to humans, and possibly test how such cognition is supported by genetics.