Age-related changes in the initiation of gait: Degradation of central mechanisms for momentum generation
Age-related changes in the initiation of gait: Degradation of central mechanisms for momentum generation
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DOI：
10.1016/s0003-9993(98)90425-7
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Collins, JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Polcyn, AF;Lipsitz, LA;Collins, JJ
设计：病例对照研究。参与者和地点：20名来自社区的健康青年研究对象和20名来自社区的健康老年研究对象参加了这项研究。主要观察指标：参与者在作用力平台上进行了三种速度的步态启动试验，同时收集了地面反作用力数据、三维运动分析数据和肌电数据。检测指标包括：胫前肌(TA)激活潜伏期、比目鱼肌(SOL)和腓肠肌(GA)抑制潜伏期、压力中心(COP)移位幅度、动量产生幅度和最终步行速度。结果：控制步态启动的中枢运动程序在青年组和老年组均有表达，表现为TA激活和SOL/GA抑制之间的时间不变，但后者的表达频率较低。COP转换机制的动量产生能力在老年人群中存在，但显著减弱。结论：这些发现表明，中枢神经系统使用稳定、有效的机制来处理直立式两足动物固有的不稳定性，这些机制的完整性随着年龄的增长而退化。(C)1998年由美国康复医学大会和美国物理医学和康复学会主办。
Objective: To investigate cross-sectionally age-related changes in the expression and biomechanical efficiency of the gait-initiation motor program.Design: Case-control study.Participants and Setting: Twenty healthy young research subjects and 20 healthy elderly subjects who volunteered from the community participated in this study at a university research laboratory.Main Outcome Measures: Participants performed gait-initiation trials at three speeds from a starting position on a force platform while ground reaction force data, 3-D motion analysis data, and electromyographic data were collected. Measures included: latency of tibialis anterior (TA) activation and soleus (SOL) and gastrocnemius (GA) inhibition, magnitude of center of pressure (COP) displacement, magnitude of momentum generated, and final walking velocity.Results: The expression of the central motor program governing gait initiation, as evidenced by the invariant timing between TA activation and SOL/GA inhibition, was seen in both the young and elderly populations, but the frequency was diminished in the latter group. The momentum-generating capacity of the COP shift mechanism was present but significantly diminished in the elderly population.Conclusions: These findings suggest that the central nervous system uses stable, efficient mechanisms for dealing with the inherent instability of upright bipedalism and that the integrity of these mechanisms degrades with aging. (C) 1998 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.